改革开放以来我国民族自治区域民族意识的变迁及引导

National Consciousness Changes in Ethnic Autonomous Regions of China since the Reform and Opening-up

改革开放以来,我国民族自治区民族意识变迁呈现民族边界意识更加明晰化、民族自我认同和归属感增强、对民族群体的积极态度以及民族卷入程度提高等特征。究其原因在于:第一,民族交流和交往增多,凸显民族文化的差异性;第二,民族自治区与其他地区的发展差距激发了民族意识;第三,党和国家的民族政策和民族扶助计划对民族意识的增强具有一定影响;第四,大众传媒带来互动性质的变化,为民族意识的呈现和身份建构提供了新的来源。民族意识强化具有积极和消极两重意义。根据习近平总书记新时代中国特色社会主义的民族理论,用国家意识、中华民族共同体意识和公民意识引导民族意识变迁的方向,可以消除民族意识增强可能带来的消极影响。

Since China’s reform and opening up,the changes of ethnic consciousness have shown the following characteristics in China’s ethnic autonomous regions:Clearer national boundary consciousness;stronger sense of national identity and the sense of belonging;more positive attitude towards ethnic groups and increased involvement of ethnic groups.Main reasons are as follows:Firstly,decreased ethnic exchanges highlight the differences between ethnic cultures;Secondly,the development gap between ethnic autonomous regions and other regions has aroused national consciousness;Thirdly,the ethnic policies and ethnic assistance programs of the Party and the state have certain impacts on the enhancement of national consciousness;Fourthly,mass media brings interactive changes which provide a new source for the presentation of national consciousness and the construction of identity.National consciousness plays both positive and negative roles.According to President Xi Jinping’s national theory,guiding national consciousness with state awareness,the consciousness of Chinese nation community and civic consciousness can eliminate the negative effects of national consciousness.