造物进化与文化原型的关系互证--以中国传统造物为例

On the Demonstration of the Relationship between Creation Evolution and Cultural Prototype

在人类文明变迁的历史长河中,物质证据总是证明民族国家文明程度的第一材料。中华文明的智慧和基因从其造物对象和形式中显现其精神与信仰,并随“物质”和“精神”而显性和隐性地积淀为文化的原型存在,造物设计承担着显性的文化传播客体功能,造物同时也承载着造物主体的隐性意识形态传播作用。从华夏众多的历史遗址选址定位中可见,方国、邦国聚落传递其规划设计的能力;从祭祀器物形态中可知,“以器载道”化约出社会伦理关系。造型内涵、审美技术与精神指向三者之间的持续循环构成了华夏造物文化的完整体系。当“造物(设计)”与“物化”之间完成转换关系后,华夏文明成功地进入了新的文明创设阶段———创造性的文字符号传播文明的旅程,文字以形声、会意等方式记录下华夏文明的物质隐喻、材料选型、美学规律和象征内涵。中华文明作为人类悠久历史上唯一循环更替、经久不绝的文明,其传承延续在“造物活动”中的物质与精神文化是中华民族乃至人类共同体永存的重要机制。了解传统造物(设计)所承载的国家与民族的伦理、宗教、美学精神及其社会规则,也许可以作为人类应对正在兴起的人工智能设计“智造”所带来的诸多问题的智慧方法。

In the long history of human civilization changes,material evidence is always the primary evi-dence of civilization degree of a nation-state.The wisdom and genes of Chinese civilization reveal their spirit and beliefs from the objects and forms of their creations,and accumulate explicitly and implicitly as cultural prototypes with“material”and“spirit”.Then creation design undertakes the communica-tion object of explicit,while the creation takes the implicit communication of the ideological subject.From the positioning of many historical sites in China,the planning and design capabilities are con-veyed by the City States and Multi-state states;from the form of sacrificial utensils,“Tao is Presented in Objects”evolves into social-ethical relations.The continuous cycle between modeling connotation,aesthetic technique and spiritual direction constitutes the complete system of Chinese creation culture.When“creation(design)transforms”with“materialization”,Chinese civilization successfully enters a new stage of civilization creation where civilization is communicated by creative character symbols.It means characters record the material metaphors,material selection,aesthetic laws and symbolic conno-tations of Chinese civilization by its phono-semantic and ideogrammic compounds.Chinese civilization is the only civilization that has been cyclical and enduring in the long history of mankind.The material and spiritual culture of its creation activities is an important mechanism for the perpetuation of the Chinese nation and the human community.Understanding the national ethics,religion,aesthetic spirit and social rules carried by traditional creations(designs)may serve as a wise way for human beings to cope with the many problems brought about by the emerging artificial intelligence design“intellectual creation”.