199名安宁疗护护士职业悲伤现状及影响因素分析

Current Status of Professional Grief of Hospice Care Nurses and Its Influence Factors:A 199-case Study

目的调查安宁疗护护士职业悲伤现状,并分析其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,于2021年7—8月在广州、上海及北京设立安宁疗护病房或开展安宁疗护服务的6所医院、4所社区卫生服务中心和2家养老机构选取199名安宁疗护护士作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、修订版悲伤体验量表、护士安宁疗护知识量表、安宁疗护照护态度量表、心理脱离量表、职业悲伤累积全局改变分量表进行调查。采用多元线性回归分析探讨安宁疗护护士职业悲伤的影响因素。结果本组安宁疗护护士职业悲伤总分为37.00(27.00,50.00)分;多元线性回归分析的结果显示,安宁疗护照护态度、死亡焦虑、心理脱离、宗教信仰进入回归方程(P<0.05),共解释总变异的31.2%。结论本组安宁疗护护士职业悲伤处于轻度水平,安宁疗护照护态度、死亡焦虑水平、心理脱离感以及有无宗教信仰是安宁疗护护士职业悲伤的主要影响因素。护理管理者应针对性地开展安宁疗护实践和死亡应对的培训学习,降低安宁疗护护士死亡焦虑水平,促进其悲伤成长。

Objective To investigate the current status of professional grief of hospice care nurses,and analyze the influencing factors.Methods With convenience sampling,from July to August in 2021,199 hospice care nurses was select from 6 hospitals,4 community health service centers and 2 nursing homes with hospice wards or hospice services in Guangzhou,Shanghai and Beijing.The general information questionnaire,Revised Grief Experience Inventory(RGEI),Self-designed Hospice Care Knowledge Scale,Scale of Attitude Toward Hospice Care,Psychological Disengagement Scale,Professional Bereavement Scale-Accumulated Global Changes Subscale(PBS-AGC)were used to conduct investigation.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of professional grief of hospice care nurses.Results The average total score of professional grief of hospice care nurses was 37.00(27.00,50.00);Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that hospice care attitude,death anxiety,psychological disengagement and religious belief entered the regression equation(P<0.05),which explained 31.2%of the total variation.Conclusion The professional grief of hospice care nurses is at a mediate level,which is affected by the hospice nursing attitude,death anxiety,psychological detachment,and religious belief.It is suggested that nursing managers should carry out targeted training and learning of hospice practice and death coping,so as to reduce the death anxiety of hospice care nurses and promote the growth of grief.