中青年急性心肌梗死患者心理社会适应水平及其影响因素分析

Analysis of psycho-social adaptation level and influencing factors of middle aged and young patients with acute myocardial infarction

目的了解中青年急性心肌梗死患者心理社会适应水平,并分析其影响因素。方法采用疾病心理社会适应量表、领悟社会支持量表、简易应对方式问卷对出院后1个月的250例中青年急性心肌梗死患者进行调查。结果中青年急性心肌梗死患者心理社会适应得分为(52.40±16.39)分,其中工作能力维度得分最高,交流情况维度得分最低;多元线性回归分析结果显示,体质量指数、运动习惯、经皮冠状动脉介入治疗、应对方式、领悟社会支持是患者心理社会适应的影响因素。结论中青年急性心肌梗死患者心理社会适应处于中等水平,受多种因素的影响。建议医护人员重点关注肥胖、不运动、采取消极应对方式及领悟社会支持度低的患者,可从饮食、运动、应对策略及提高社会支持等方面制定并给予心理干预,从而提高心理社会适应水平。

Objective To understand the psycho-social adaptation level of young and middle-aged patients with acute myocardial infarction and analyze the influencing factors.Methods A survey of 250 young and middle-aged patients with acute myocardial infarction one month after discharge was conducted using the psycho-social adaptation scale for disease,the comprehension social support scale,and the simple coping style questionnaire.Results The psycho-social adaptation score of the young and middle-aged patients with acute myocardial infarction was(52.40±16.39),with the highest score in the dimension of work ability and the lowest score in the dimension of communication.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that body mass index,exercise habits,percutaneous coronary intervention,coping style and social support are the influencing factors of patients'psycho-social adaptation.Conclusion The psycho-social adaptation of young and middle-aged patients with acute myocardial infarction is at a moderate level,which is affected by many factors.It is recommended that medical staff pay attention to patients who are obese,do not exercise,adopt negative coping styles and understand low social support.Develop and give psychological interventions in coping strategies and improving social support to improve the level of psycho-social adaptation.