水中药物和个人护理品分析方法研究进展

Research Progress in Determination Methods of Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products in Water

随着社会经济发展水平的提高和医疗条件的改善,药物和个人护理品(PPCPs)的使用种类及总量均显著增加,造成环境中PPCPs的残留浓度不断升高,进而会对水环境生态安全及人类和动植物的健康造成潜在危害和严重威胁。由于开发建立快速、灵敏、高效的PPCPs定性、定量分析方法是探究其存在、去除及毒性的前提,因此本文对水中PPCPs分析方法(预处理方法和检测方法)的原理及优缺点进行了综述,并对其发展方向与趋势进行了展望。通过对比分析可知,固相萃取(SPE)是目前最常采用的预处理方法,超声乳化萃取技术(USAEME)具有更好的回收率,QuEChERS法具有样品富集倍数大、回收率高的特点;LC、GC与MS或MS/MS的联用仪为目前最常使用的PPCPs检测设备;开发快速、高效、准确的PPCPs分析方法,仍是今后研究的重点方向。

As raising of the level of socio-economic development and improving of medical conditions,the use of pharmaceutical and personal care products(PPCPs)has increased significantly in both type and total volume,resulting in increasing residual concentrations of PPCPs in the environment,which in turn can pose a potential hazard and serious threat to the ecological safety of the aquatic environment and the health of humans,animals and plants.Since the development of rapid,sensitive and efficient qualitative and quantitative analytical methods for PPCPs is a prerequisite for investigating their presence,removal and toxicity,this paper summarizes the principles,advantages and disadvantages of the analytical methods(pretreatment and detection methods)for PPCPs in water,as well as prospects their development directions and trends.Through comparative analysis,it is clear that solid phase extraction(SPE)is the most commonly used pretreatment method,ultrasonic emulsion extraction(USAEME)has better recovery,and QuEChERS method has the characteristics of large sample enrichment and high recovery;LC,GC and MS or MS/MS couplers are the most commonly used PPCPs detection equipment;the development of rapid,efficient and accurate analytical methods for PPCPs is a key direction for future research.