新型竖向电涡流-磁力混合阻尼装置试验研究

Test of a new vertical eddy current magnetic hybrid damping device

针对大跨轻质结构的减振需要,研制了一种新型竖向电涡流-磁力混合阻尼器样机。介绍混合阻尼器的减振原理及振动方程;接着介绍了3种不同的磁路设计和制作过程;随后对样机进行试验,测量其动力参数和减振性能。结果表明:在铜板后方和底板上方安装磁铁均能改变阻尼器的附加刚度;特定磁路设计减少电涡流阻尼系数,增大等效磁力阻尼系数和负刚度。其中对结构模型安装电涡流阻尼器的位移减振率可达89.2%,同等工况下安装3种电涡流-磁力阻尼器的位移减振率分别可达92.5%、94.8%和95.9%。当激励幅值增大,电涡流-磁力阻尼器对结构的控制效果比电涡流阻尼器具有更强的鲁棒性。该研究对土木工程领域中磁力减振的应用及发展,具有借鉴意义。

Here,a new vertical eddy current magnetic hybrid damper prototype was developed to meet vibration reduction needs of long-span lightweight structures.Firstly,the damping principle and vibration equation of the hybrid damper as well as its design with 3 different magnetic circuits and manufacturing process were introduced.Then,the prototype was tested to measure its dynamic parameters and damping performance.The results showed that the additional stiffness of the damper can be changed through installing magnets behind the copper plate and above the base plate;the specific magnetic circuit design reduces the eddy current damping coefficient and increases the equivalent magnetic damping coefficient and negative stiffness;the displacement damping rate of a structural model with installed eddy current damper can reach 89.2%,while displacement damping rates of structural models installed with 3 different eddy current magnetic hybrid dampers under the same working conditions can reach 92.5%,94.8%and 95.9%,respectively;when excitation amplitude increases,the control effect of the new eddy current magnetic hybrid damper is more robust than that of eddy current damper;the study can provide a reference for applying and developing magnetic vibration reduction in civil engineering field.