农作物秸秆的生物发酵研究进展

Research progress on bio-fermentation of crop straw

我国农作物秸秆资源丰富。采用正确有效的处理方法,可有效提高农作物秸秆的营养价值。生物处理法可提高低质量纤维作物残留物的饲料价值,是调制农作物秸秆的最优选择。利用不同生物菌对农作物秸秆进行生物发酵可破坏木质纤维素复合物,释放游离纤维素,提高饲用价值。文章综述农作物秸秆的生物发酵机理、发酵方式,营养物质、有效降解率、消化率间的相关性,以及使用生物发酵秸秆饲料且高效改善劣质秸秆利用率的方法,为推进秸秆饲料化进程提供参考。

The crop straw resources are rich in our country.Using correct and effective treatment methods can effectively improve the nutritional value of crop stalks.Biological treatment can increase the feed value of low-quality fiber crop residues,which is the best choice for preparing crop straws.Using different biological bacteria to carry out biological fermentation of crop straws can destroy lignocellulosic compounds,release free cellulose and improve feeding value.The article reviews the correlation between the biological fermentation mechanism,fermentation methods and nutrients,effective degradation rate and digestibility of crop straw and the method of using bio-fermented straw feed to efficiently improve the utilization rate of inferior straw,to provide reference for promoting the process of straw feed.