102例煤工尘肺患者电子计算机断层扫描的影像学表现

The imaging features of CT scan in 102 cases of coal worker's pneumoconiosis

目的研究煤工尘肺(coal worker's pneumoconiosis,CWP)患者电子计算机断层扫描(computed tomograghy,CT)的影像学表现。方法选取2017年10月-2020年10月我院CWP患者102例,均行CT检查、X线胸片检查,比较CT检查、X线胸片检查影像学征象、小阴影形态、大阴影影像学表现,并对比CT检查、X线胸片检查并发症情况(灶周气肿、胸膜改变、淋巴结肿大、钙化)。结果CT检查、X线胸片检查大阴影、肺内钙化影、肺大疱、空洞检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);CT检查小阴影检出率82.03%高于X线胸片检查73.20%(P<0.05);CWP患者小阴影主要形态为q/q,且CT检查q/q比例82.67%高于X线胸片检查72.77%(P<0.05);CT检查灶周气肿31.37%、胸膜改变21.57%、淋巴结肿大15.69%、钙化18.63%,高于X线胸片检查18.63%、10.78%、6.86%、8.82%(P<0.05)。结论CT检查CWP患者影像学征象、并发症检出率均高于X线胸片检查,且小阴影以q/q为主,对大阴影表现明显,有助于病情早期诊断及治疗方案的制定。

Objective To study the imaging features of computed tomograghy(CT)scanning in coal worker's pneumoconiosis(CWP).Methods A total of 102 CWP patients in our hospital from October 2017 to October 2020 were selected.CT examination and X-ray chest examination were performed to compare the imaging features,small shadow shape and large shadow imaging manifestations,and compared the complications of CT examination and X-ray chest examination(focal emphysema,pleura change,lymph node enlargement and calcification).Results There was no statistical difference in the detection rates of large shadow,calcification shadow,pulmonary bulla and cavity in CT and X-ray chest examination(P>0.05);the detection rate of small shadow in CT was 82.03%,which was higher than that of X-ray chest examination(73.20%,P<0.05);the main shape of small shadow in CWP patients was q/q,and the q/q ratio of CT examination was 82.67%,higher than that of X-ray chest examination(72.77%,P<0.05);the detection rates of the focal emphysema by CT examination was 31.37%,the changes of pleura were 21.57%,lymph node enlargement was 15.69%,calcification was 18.63%,which were higher than those of X-ray chest examination(18.63%,10.78%,6.86%,8.82%,P<0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of imaging signs and complications in CWP patients by CT was higher than that of X-ray,and the small shadow was mainly q/q,and CT examination was obvious for detecting large shadow,which was helpful for the early diagnosis and treatment of the disease.