电磁超材料在量子体系下的应用与进展

Recent Advances and Applications of Metamaterials in Quantum Regime

电磁超材料是指具有亚波长的单元结构按照一定排列方式形成的人工电磁媒质,单元的结构和排列方式可任意设计,因此,可灵活精确地调控电磁波,实现一系列传统材料不能获得的新奇物理特性。这些独特的优势使电磁超材料在经典电磁学体系下迅猛发展并产生巨大的应用价值。随着研究不断的深入,电磁超材料在量子体系,即非经典电磁体系下的应用和发展也越来越受到人们的关注。本文首先介绍了量子超材料的一些基本概念和典型实现平台,包括超导量子超材料、非线性量子超材料和时空量子超材料等;其次,介绍了基于类量子效应构建的类量子超材料,着重介绍了由类量子超材料构建的电磁拓扑绝缘体;最后,重点介绍了当前量子超材料的几项重要应用,包括量子光源、量子态操控、量子探测、量子成像和量子信息编码等。

Electromagnetic metamaterials made from subwavelength unit with a certain periodical arrangement is a sort of artificial electromagnetic media.Since the geometry and arrangement of units can be engineered arbitrarily,it is quite flexible to precisely manipulate electromagnetic waves,and achieve benefits that go beyond what is possible with conventional materials.These unprecedented physical properties have led to the rapid development and great application prospects of metamaterials in classical electromagnetic regime.Recently,the development of metamaterials in quantum regime has also attracted more and more attention.Here,we would firstly introduce the basic concepts of quantum metamaterials and its implementation platforms,including superconducting metamaterials,nonlinear metamaterials,and space-time metamaterials.Subsequently,we will introduce analog quantum metamaterials by imitating quantum effects,such as topological photonic insulators.In the end,several recent applications of quantum metamaterials,including quantum light source,quantum state manipulation,quantum detection,etc.,would be introduced.