不同填料负载微生物去除地表水氨氮的研究

Different fillers loaded with microorganisms to remove ammonia nitrogen in surface water

氨氮浓度过高是黑臭水体难以治理的重要原因之一.本研究比较了经活性污泥驯化的菌株与市售硝化菌液两种不同菌剂分别在有机填料聚丙烯纤维和无机填料沸石上的挂膜特性,考察了不同挂膜填料性质、填料粒径、源水pH值等因素对氨氮去除效果的影响,并通过高通量测序解构不同填料生物膜的微生物群落差异,探究填料负载微生物的生物膜法去除氨氮的综合机理.结果表明:以活性污泥作为微生物来源时,填料挂膜后的生物量达0.36 g·g^(-1)(以干重计,下同),微生物的呼吸活性达8 mg·g^(-1)·h^(-1),均显著高于市售硝化菌液;当以聚丙烯纤维为载体,使用量为12 g·L^(-1)、pH值为8时,108 h后模拟废水中氨氮去除效率最高可达84.23%,且Paenarthrobacter菌属的显著丰度差异是造成载菌聚丙烯纤维氨氮去除效果优于粒径1 mm载菌沸石的主要原因.氨氮去除过程中,生物降解过程的贡献高达90.75%,而以物理吸附方式去除只占9.25%,生物降解是氨氮的主要降解方式.

The high concentration of ammonia nitrogen is one of the important reasons why it is difficult to control black-odorous water. This study compared the filming characteristics of strains domesticated with activated sludge and commercial nitrifying bacteria inoculation on polypropylene fiber and zeolite,and investigated the effects of different film carrier properties,filler particle size and pH on the removal of ammonia nitrogen. The comprehensive mechanism of ammonia nitrogen removal by biofilm method with filler loading bacteria was explored by deconstructing the differences of microbial communities in different fillers biofilms through high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that when activated sludge was used as the source of microorganisms,the biomass after biofilm formation reached 0.36 g·g^(-1) DW and the biological activity reached 8 mg·g^(-1)·h^(-1),which were significantly higher than those of the commercial nitrobacteria liquid. The removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen in simulated wastewater can reach up to 84.23% at 108 h when the dosage of the polypropylene fiber carrier was 12 g·L^(-1) and the pH value was 8,and the significant abundance difference of Paenarthrobacter is the main reason that the removal effect of ammonia nitrogen from bacteria-loaded polypropylene fibers is better than that of bacterialoaded zeolites with particle size of 1 mm. During ammonia nitrogen removal,the biological degradation was up to 90.75%,while only 9.25% was removed in a physical adsorption. Biological degradation is the main degradation way of ammonia nitrogen.