不同时段高速公路特长隧道入口视觉特性研究

Study on Visual Characteristics of the Entrance of Extra-long Tunnel of Expressway in Different Time Periods

为研究驾驶人在特长隧道入口不同时段、不同区段行驶时的视觉状态变化,分别在正午、傍晚和夜晚时段在高速公路特长隧道上进行实车实验.选取注视特性和扫视特性的参数,分析行驶时段、行驶区段对驾驶安全的影响.结果表明:不同时段、不同区段的垂直注视点范围和注视次数均无显著性差异;行驶的时段和区段会对驾驶人的水平注视点范围、注视持续时间、扫视幅度造成一定的影响;正午驾驶人行驶时的区段会对平均注视时间产生影响;行驶的时段会对平均扫视时间产生一定的影响.

In order to study the changes of drivers’visual state when driving in different periods and sections at the entrance of super-long tunnel,real vehicle experiments were carried out on super-long tunnel of expressway at noon,evening and night respectively.Parameters of fixation characteristics and glance characteristics were selected to analyze the influence of driving time and driving section on driving safety.The results show that there is no significant difference in the range of vertical fixation points and fixation times in different periods and sections.The driving period and section will have a certain influence on the driver’s horizontal gaze range,gaze duration and glance range.The section of the driver driving at noon will affect the average fixation time,and the driving period will have a certain influence on the average glance time.