深井矿山巷道掘进掌子面岩爆卸压防治研究

Study on the prevention of drift advancement tunnel face rock burst in deep-shaft mines by pressure release

深井金属矿山开采面临着严重的地压灾害环境,极大地威胁着井下作业人员及设备的安全。巷道掘进破坏了深部原岩地应力场,面临地应力重分布高应力积聚带来的掌子面岩爆风险。本文以深部高地应力环境矿山巷道掘进掌子面岩爆灾害为背景开展掌子面岩爆卸压防治研究,提出了掌子面岩爆发生机理及超前预裂爆破卸压理念,分析了超前卸压爆破深度对卸压效果影响以及掌子面超前卸压爆破工艺方案,对于消除巷道掌子面前方岩爆灾害发生起到重要作用,为深井矿山巷道掘进工程借鉴应用。

The mining of deep-shaft metal mines is faced with severe ground pressure disaster,and greatly threatens the safety of underground operators and equipment.Drift advancement destroys the in-situ stress field of the deep protolith,and is under the risk of tunnel face rock burst caused by the redistribution of in-situ stress and the accumulation of high stress.This paper studies the tunnel face rock burst disaster prevention in the scenario of tunnel face rock burst during drift advancement in a deep-shaft and high ground stress mine.The mechanism of tunnel face rock burst and the idea of advance pre-splitting blasting for pressure relief blasting are put forward.The impact of advance pressure relief blasting depth on the pressure relief effect and the process scheme of tunnel face advance pressure relief blasting are analyzed,which is of vital importance to prevent rock burst disaster from happening hazards in front of the tunnel face,and offers reference to drift advancement in deep-shaft mines.