基于Orem自理模式的运动康复护理在慢性心力衰竭患者中的应用效果

Application effects of Orem self-care model-based exercise rehabilitation nursing in patients with chronic heart failure

目的:观察基于Orem自理模式的运动康复护理在慢性心力衰竭患者中的应用效果。方法:选取110例慢性心力衰竭患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各55例。对照组实施常规运动康复护理,观察组实施基于Orem自理模式的运动康复护理,比较两组6 min步行距离(6MWD)、自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)评分、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分及心功能指标[左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左室射血分数(LVEF)]水平。结果:出院1年,两组6MWD均长于护理前,且观察组明显长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);出院1年,两组ESCA评分均高于护理前,且观察组明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);出院1年,两组SAS和SDS评分均低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);出院1年,观察组LVEDD、LVESD水平低于对照组,LVEF水平高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于Orem自理模式的运动康复护理可提高慢性心力衰竭患者ESCA评分,延长其6MWD,降低其SAS和SDS评分,改善其心功能,效果优于常规运动康复护理。

Objective:To observe application effects of Orem self-care model-based exercise rehabilitation nursing in patients with chronic heart failure.Methods:110 patients with chronic heart failure were selected as the research objects,and were divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method,55 cases in each group.The control group received routine exercise rehabilitation nursing,while the observation group was given the Orem self-care model-based exercise rehabilitation nursing.The 6-minute walking distance(6MWD),the exercise of self-care agency scale(ESCA)score,the self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)score,the self-rating depression scale(SDS)score,and cardiac function indexes[left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVEDD),left ventricular end systolic diameter(LVESD),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)]were compared between the two groups.Results:After 1 year of discharge,the 6MWD levels of the two groups were longer than those before the nursing;that of the observation group was significantly longer than that of the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After 1 year of discharge,the ESCA scores of the two groups were higher than those before the nursing;that of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After 1 year of discharge from the hospital,the SAS and SDS scores of the two groups were lower than those before the nursing,those of the observation group were lower than those of the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);After 1 year of discharge,LVEDD and LVESD levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and LVEF level was higher than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:Orem self-care model-based exercise rehabilitation nursing in the patients with chronic heart failure can improve the ESCA scores,increase their 6MWD,reduce their SAS and SDS scores,and improve cardiac function.Moreover,it is superior to routine exercise rehabilitation nursing.