高低频超声检查新生儿颅脑病变的效果及检出率分析

The efficiency and detection rate of high and low frequency ultrasound in the examination of neonatal craniocerebral lesions

目的探讨高低频超声检查新生儿颅脑病变的效果以及检出率情况。方法选择2019年1月至2020年11月收治的500例新生儿,对新生儿进行磁共振、高频超声、低频超声以及高低频联合超声检查诊断,以磁共振诊断结果为标准,分析最后诊断结果。结果足月儿超声诊断阳性检出率86.29%明显高于早产儿超声诊断阳性检出率23.33%(P<0.05);对新生儿进行颅脑病变诊断中,高低频联合超声脑白质病变检出率高于低频超声以及高频超声的颅脑病变检出率(P<0.05);低频超声诊断室管膜下出血、脑水肿以及颅脑出血的检出率低于高频超声以及高低频联合超声检出率(P<0.05);而高低频联合超声诊断室管膜下出血、脑水肿以及颅脑出血的检出率,相对比于高频超声检出率,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);高低频联合超声与磁共振检出率相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);高低频联合超声诊断的特异度、灵敏度以及准确性,相较于低频超声诊断、高频超声诊断明显较高(P<0.05)。结论新生儿颅脑病变筛查中,早产儿出现颅脑病变的可能性较高,而在新生儿颅脑病变诊断中,采取高低频超声联合诊断,相较于低频超声、或是高频超声单独使用,所取得的检出效果较明显,具有较高的诊断准确性和灵敏度,具有较高的临床推广价值。

Objective To investigate the efficiency and detection rate of high and low frequency ultrasound in the examination of neonatal craniocerebral lesions.Methods A total of 500 neonates who were hospitallized in our hospital from January 2019 to November 2020 were enrolled in the study,who were examined by newborns magnetic resonance(NMR),high frequency ultrasound,low-frequency ultrasound and high frequency ultrasound,Taking the diagnostic results by NMR as standard,the final results were anlyzed.Results The ositive rate of full term ultrasound diagnosis was 86.29%,which was significantly higher than that(23.33%)by premature ultrasonic diagnosis(P<0.05).In the diagnosis of craniocerebral lesions,the combination detection rate of high and low frequency ultrasound in diagnosis of white matter lesions was significantly higher than that by simple low frequency ultrasound or simple high frequency ultrasound(P<0.05).The detection rate of subvascular hemorrhage,cerebral edema and craniocerebral hemorrhage by low frequency ultrasound was significantly lower than that by high frequency ultrasound and by combination diagnosis(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the detection rate of subvascular hemorrhage,cerebral edema and craniocerebral hemorrhage between combination diagnosis and high frequency ultrasound(P>0.05),nor were between combination diagnosis and magnetic resonance(P>0.05).The specificity,sensitivity and accuracy of the combination diagnosis of high and low frequency ultrasound were significantly higher than those by simple low frequency or simple high frequency ultrasound(P<0.05).Conclusion In the neonatal cerebral disease screening,the possibility of premature brain lesions is higher,and in neonatal cerebral disease diagnosis,the combination detection results of high frequency ultrasound with low frequency ultrasound are superior to those by simple low or high frequency ultrasound,the former has higher diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity,which is of higher clinical aplication value.