基于遥感和多源地理数据的城市土地利用分类

Urban land use classification based on remote sensing and multi-source geographic data

城市土地利用信息体现了城市的功能及结构,开展城市土地利用分类研究对于城市可持续发展具有重要指导意义。以哈尔滨市主城区为研究区,综合应用Sentinel-2A遥感影像、OpenStreetMap(OSM)数据、兴趣点(point of interest,POI)数据和珞珈一号夜间灯光数据等多源地理数据,采用面向对象和随机森林算法对哈尔滨城市土地利用进行分类。结果表明:一级地类总体精度为86.0%,Kappa系数为0.75;二级地类总体精度为73.9%,Kappa系数为0.69;POI数据可以显著提高住宅用地、工矿仓储用地和教育用地分类精度,夜间灯光数据能有效提高商务办公用地及商业用地分类精度。说明遥感影像与多源地理数据结合对城市土地利用分类有效。

Urban land use(ULU)reflects urban functions and structures,and the study of ULU classification can provide guidance for the sustainable development of cities.This study conducted the ULU classification of the main urban area of Harbin City using the object-oriented and random forest methods by integrating multi-source geospatial data including Sentinel-2A remote sensing images,OpenStreetMap(OSM)data,point of interest(POI)data,and nighttime light data from the Luojia-1 satellite.The results are as follows.The overall accuracy of the first-level land use type was 86.0%,with a Kappa coefficient of 0.75.The overall accuracy of the second-level land use types was 73.9%,with a Kappa coefficient of 0.69.The introduction of POI data can significantly improve the classification accuracy of residential land,industrial and mining storage land,and educational land.Meanwhile,night light data can effectively improve the classification accuracy of commercial office land and business land.This study shows that the combination of remote sensing images with multi-source geographic data is effective for ULU classification.