基于DEM的巴山地区地貌区划研究

Study on Geomorphological Regionalization of Bashan Based on DEM

地貌区划是对地貌形成过程和区域分异特征的综合反映,划分巴山地区的地貌区划,对探究巴山地区地貌格局以及地貌差异具有重要意义。利用ArcGIS 10.2软件,基于分辨率为30 m的ASTER GDEM V3数据,提取了巴山地区的坡度、坡向、平面曲率、剖面曲率、海拔高度、地势起伏度、地表切割深度、地表粗糙度和高程变异系数等地形因子,并通过相关系数矩阵确定最佳地形因子,在此基础上对巴山地区地貌类型和地貌区划进行划分。结果表明:(1)巴山地区地貌区划的最佳地形因子为海拔高度和地势起伏度;(2)巴山地区的地貌类型依据海拔高度划分为低海拔、中海拔,依据地势起伏度划分为平原、台地、丘陵、小起伏山地、中起伏山地;(3)巴山地区的地貌区划划分为2个地貌区、5个地貌亚区和18个地貌小区。区划结果符合巴山的地貌空间分布以及地貌格局差异,能有效地体现巴山地区的地貌特征,对巴山生态环境建设具有指导意义。

Geomorphological regionalization is the comprehensive reflection of geomorphological formation process and regional differentiation.The study of geomorphological regionalization in Bashan is of great significance to the study of geomorphological pattern and geomorphological differences in Bashan.Based on 30 metres resolution ASTER GDEM V3 data,terrain factors,such as slope,aspect,plane curvature,profile curvature,elevation,relief amplitude,surface cutting depth,surface roughness and variance coefficient of elevation were extracted by using ArcGIS 10.2 software,then the optimal topographical factors were determined by combination of correlation coefficient.The geomorphological types and regionalization of the study area were analyzed.The results showed that:(1)the best topographical factors in geomorphological regionalization of Bashan were elevation and relief amplitude;(2)the geomorphological types of the Bashan area were divided into low-altitude and medium-altitude according to the elevation,and divided into plains,terraces,hills,small undulating mountains,and medium undulating mountains according to the relief amplitude;(3)Bashan was divided into 2 geomorphological regions,5 geomorphological sub-regions and 18 geomorphological small-regions.These results revealed the geomorphological spatial distribution and the differences of the geomorphological pattern of Bashan,which was of guiding significance to the ecological environment construction in this area.