马克思社会分工理论及其对新时代“人的自由全面发展”的现实指引

Marx’s Theory of Social Division of Labor and Its Practical Guidance for the“Free and Comprehensive Development of Human Beings”in the New Era

马克思社会分工理论经历了雏形、形成、深化和成熟的主要发展阶段,始终贯穿着人的自由全面发展这一核心主线。马克思社会分工理论认为自发分工与私有制造成了人的片面发展,主张以科技进步引领自发分工和私有制朝向自觉分工和公有制转变,以此消除人的片面发展,推动人的自由全面发展。有鉴于此,实现新时代“人的自由全面发展”要以科技创新为引领,在生产力层面筑牢物质基础,在生产关系层面优化制度基础,在生活方式层面创造和谐环境,不断消解自发分工对人的危害,逐步构建和谐的自觉分工,从而更好地满足我国人民的美好生活需要。

Marx’s theory of social division of labor has gone through the main development stages of embryonic form,formation,deepening and maturity,and has constantly run through the core thread of free and comprehensive development of human beings.Marx’s theory of social division of labor believes that spontaneous division of labor and private manufacturing have become one-sided development of humans,and advocates that scientific and technological progress should lead the transformation of spontaneous division of labor and private ownership to conscious division of labor and public ownership,so as to eliminate human one-sided development and promote human free and comprehensive development.In view of this,the realization of“free and comprehensive development of human beings”in the new era must be guided by scientific and technological innovation,building a solid material foundation at the productivity level,optimizing the institutional foundation at the level of production relations,creating a harmonious environment at the level of lifestyle,and constantly eliminating the side effects of spontaneous division of labor,gradually building a harmonious and conscious division of labor,so as to better meet the needs of our people for a better life.