“三明治”结构复合材料的超高速撞击行为

Hypervelocity Impact Behaviors of Sandwich Structural Composites

紧凑型“三明治”结构复合材料在航空航天领域中具有广泛的应用前景.设计了三种由软/硬材料组合而成的“三明治”结构复合材料,即TiB_(2)/2024+Al结构复合材料,2D-M40_(f)/5A06+Al结构复合材料和2D-M40_(f)+2D-Ti_(f)/5A06结构复合材料.利用二级轻气炮、光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)等多种手段,系统地研究了这三种“三明治”结构复合材料薄靶在撞击速度为2.5 km/s及粒子直径为0.8~2.0 mm时的抗高速撞击能力、靶板宏观损伤特征,通过破坏特点各异的“三明治”结构复合材料的平均吸能能力评判抗高速撞击能力.结果表明,“三明治”结构复合材料抗高速撞击能力都比对应的单一材料的好,其最大吸能的高低顺序依次为TiB_(2)/2024+Al结构复合材料>2D-M40_(f)/5A06+Al结构复合材料>2D-M40_(f)+2D-Ti_(f)/5A06结构复合材料.

Sandwich"structural composite materials have broad application prospects in the aerospace field.In this paper,several"sandwich"structural composite materials composed of soft/hard materials are designed:TiB_(2)/2024+Al structure,2D-M40_(f)/5A06+Al structure,2D-M40_(f)+2D-Ti_(f)/5A06 structure.The use of secondary light gas guns,optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope(SEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM)and other methods to systematically study these"sandwich"structure composite thin targets at a speed of 2.5 km/s,The high-speed impact resistance and the macroscopic damage characteristics of the target plate when the particle diameter is 0.8-2.0 mm,and the average energy absorption performance is used to evaluate the high-speed impact resistance of the"sandwich"structure composites with different damage characteristics.The results show that the high-speed impact resistance of several"sandwich"composite materials is better than the corresponding composite materials,and the order of their protective performance is TiB_(2)/2024+Al structure,2D-M40_(f)/5A06+Al structure,2D-M40_(f)+2D-Ti_(f)/5A06 structure.