基于分层控制策略采光实验的电致变色窗研究

Study on layered control of electrochromic window based on daylighting experiment

以长沙市某办公室电致变色(EC)窗为研究对象:首先,基于采光实验研究了夏季EC窗调控方法与垂直立面太阳辐射强度的关系,并据此提出了EC窗分层控制策略;其次,结合EnergyPlus能耗模拟,分析了EC窗采取此分层控制策略的节能效果.研究结果表明:当垂直立面太阳辐射强度不超过70 W/m^(2)时,EC窗处于透明态即可保证室内舒适的光环境,而随着垂直立面辐射强度增大,EC窗控制方式根据太阳直射光线入射位置而有所不同;当太阳直射光入射位置未在人眼视野内时,调整下层玻璃着色往往比调整中层玻璃着色更能有效控制室内眩光;太阳直射光从中下两层玻璃进入室内比仅从下层玻璃进入更容易使人产生视觉不适.此外,相比于普通玻璃窗和EC窗整体控制策略,EC窗夏季采取分层控制分别节约了48.21 kW·h空调能耗和17.6 kW·h照明能耗,总能耗则分别减少了20.4%和2.5%.研究成果可为EC窗在我国不同季节、不同气候条件下的EC玻璃窗的分层控制研究提供借鉴.

This paper took EC window of an office in Changsha as the research object. Firstly, the relationship between EC window control strategy and vertical facade solar radiation was studied based on daylight experiment, and layered control strategy was proposed.Then, the difference of EC glass window layered control and overall control on office energy consumption was analyzed by EnergyPlus.The experiment results show that when the vertical facade solar radiation is less than 70 W/m^(2), the EC glass window in transparent state can keep a comfortable visual environment.With the increase of vertical facade solar radiation, the control of EC window is different according to the incident position of direct sunlight.When the incidence position is not within the visual field, adjusting the lowest glass to dark is more effective for reducing discomfort glare.Direct sunlight entering the interior from the middle and lowest layers of glass is more likely to cause visual discomfort than from just the lowest layer of glass.In addition, compared with ordinary glass window and overall control strategy, the layered control of EC window saves 48.21 kW·h air conditioning energy consumption and 17.6 kW·h lighting energy consumption respectively, and the total energy consumption is reduced by 20.4% and 2.5%, respectively.This paper provides a reference for the application research of EC windows in China.