内皮细胞功能异常与动脉粥样硬化的研究进展

Vascular Endothelial Cells Involved in Pathophysiological Process of Atherosclerosis

血管内皮细胞参与构成人体的生理屏障和维持人体内环境稳态,并且为适应内环境的动态变化及满足人体不同组织新陈代谢的需要,不同组织的内皮细胞具有功能差异性和组织特异性。心脏血管内皮细胞参与维持心脏内环境的稳定,当内皮细胞因高脂血症、高血糖、氧化应激、炎症反应及其他代谢因素发生功能障碍,会参与心血管疾病的病理生理过程,例如动脉粥样硬化、心肌缺血再灌注损伤和心室重塑。现综述血管内皮细胞的结构和功能,探讨血管剪切力对于内皮细胞的重要作用,分析内皮细胞功能障碍在动脉粥样硬化病理生理过程中的作用和针对内皮细胞功能障碍的治疗策略和方法。

Vascular endothelial cells are involved in the formation of physiological barrier and maintenance of homeostasis in human body.In order to adapt to the dynamic changes of internal environment and meet the metabolic needs of different tissues, endothelial cells from different tissues have different functions and tissue specificity.Endothelial cells are involved in maintaining the stability of the internal environment of the heart.When endothelial cells are dysfunctional due to hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction and other metabolic factors, they will participate in the pathophysiological process of cardiovascular disease, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and ventricular remodeling.This review summarizes the structure and function of vascular endothelial cells in the heart, discusses the important role of vascular shear force on endothelial cells, analyzes the role of endothelial cell dysfunction in the pathophysiological process of atherosclerosis and the treatment strategies and methods for endothelial cell dysfunction.