中国页岩气产业发展的特点与经验

Characteristics and Experience of the Development of Shale Gas Industry in China

中国的页岩气年产量由2010年的0 m^(3)增长到2020年的200×108m^(3),逐渐成为中国天然气产量的主要增长点,10年左右时间就走出了中国特色的页岩气开发之路。通过对中国页岩气开发主要特点的分析,认为中国的页岩气资源禀赋较美国差,中国页岩气产业能够形成今天的规模,得力于政府的扶持政策、石油央企的独特优势和中国国内的油气市场结构,从产业政策视角总结了页岩气开发的中国经验——开放高效的国际市场是基础、有为政府的作用必不可少、优秀企业是新兴产业发展壮大的关键。

The annual output of China’s shale gas jumped from 0 m^(3) in 2010 to 200×108 m^(3) in 2020, gradually becoming the major growth point of China’s natural gas output. A period of a decade has witnessed the tremendous development of shale gas with Chinese characteristics. By way of the analysis on the main features of China’s shale gas development, it is considered that China’s shale gas resource endowment is inferior to that of North America, and the current scale of China’s shale gas industry has been formed thanks to the government’s supporting policies, the unique advantages of central oil companies as well as China’s domestic oil and gas market structure. Besides, Chinese experience has been concluded from the perspective of industrial policies – the open and effective international market paves the way for it, the effective government plays the essential role and the outstanding enterprises remain the key to the development of emerging industries.