从作者美学到共同体美学——作为艺术理论发展的电影共同体美学

From Author Aesthetics to Community Aesthetics: Film Community Aesthetics Developed as an Art Theory

电影共同体美学作为作者美学、文本美学、接受美学合乎逻辑与现实的发展,是在借鉴、吸收与改造西方文艺理论、西方电影理论基础上,全面展开的中国式创造、中国式表达。电影共同体美学建构的核心旨归,即克服传统作者美学、文本美学与接受美学偏于一端的不足,尝试建构新的融合式美学,有效串联起作者与观众、生产与消费、内部与外部、东方与西方、历史与当下。共同体美学所追求的主客体的统一和结合,是对中国传统文化思维和西方文艺思维的有效结合与转化。为了建立起文化自信、美学自信,尝试梳理和解决当下中国电影的复杂问题,提升中国话语的国际影响力,"自塑"起中国的国际形象,我们需要建构起能够渗透和贯穿电影各个层面的中国电影话语体系和本土理论、批评体系。同时,中国优秀的传统文化资源为我们奠定了坚实的基础,使得我们有建构的依凭。而电影共同体美学正是在这种多重合力相互影响下共同推动的结果,其自身的丰富性和复杂性也决定了其具备多重面向。

As a logical and realistic development of author aesthetics, text aesthetics and reception aesthetics, film community aesthetics is a Chinese style creation and expression comprehensively developed on the basis of learning, absorbing and transforming of Western literary theories and Western film theories. The core purport of the construction of film community aesthetics is to overcome the shortcomings of traditional author aesthetics, text aesthetics and reception aesthetics. Furthermore, it tries to construct a new integrated aesthetics, which can effectively connect author and audience, production and consumption, internal and external, East and West, history and present. The unity and combination of subject and object pursued by community aesthetics is an effective combination and transformation of Chinese traditional cultural thinking and Western thinking of culture and arts. In order to establish cultural confidence and aesthetic confidence, to sort out and solve the complex problems of current Chinese films, and to improve the international influence of Chinese discourse, and to “self-shape” China’s international image, we need to build Chinese film discourse system and local theory and criticism system that can penetrate through all levels of films. At the same time, China’s excellent traditional cultural resources give us a solid foundation for our construction. The aesthetics of film community is therefore the result of the mutual influence of multiple forces. The richness and complexity of the aesthetics of film community determine its multiple aspects.