“固旧式”与“新气象”:1929年上海日报公会观察团的东北“发现”——以赵君豪《东北屐痕记》和严独鹤《北游杂纪》为中心

“Conservation”and“New Looks”:The Northeast“Discovery”of the Shanghai Daily Association Observer Mission in 1929—Taking Zhao Junhao s Notheast Travel and Yan Duhe s Journey to the North as the center

随着上海日报公会观察团1929年5月的东北之行及其相关报道和旅行书写的问世,长期为南方媒体上穷兵黩武和粗野无文的"刻板印象"所遮蔽的东北,终于有机会显现自身。当此"东北易帜"完成不久而"中原大战"山雨欲来之际,"东北"不仅是左右中国政局走向的胜负手,更是侦测救亡图存之时代主题的潜望镜。而赵君豪和严独鹤各自以"旧文学"形式记述此行的长篇游记《东北屐痕记》与《北游杂纪》,最早和最为深入地向南方读者介绍了"新东北"形象。通过观察、倾听和交谈,他们尝试理解东北社会建构自身价值与意义系统的资源与方式,从其"固旧式"的文化传统中发现了防维边圉和寻求现代的"新气象"。这种对于东北苦难的历史命运、独特的国际情势和顽强的斗争精神的体认与尊重,或许正是两者的旅行书写在中国现代文学史上的独特贡献,而所谓"旧文学"的历史地位也应该得到重新审视。

With the May 1929 trip to the Northeast by the Shanghai Daily Association Observer Mission and its related reports and travel writings,the Northeast,long obscured by the“stereotypes”of belligerence and illiteracy in the southern media,finally had a chance to prove itself.At a time when the war of“Changing Northeastern Banner”came to an end and the“Central Plains War”was about to launch,the“Northeast”was not only critical to the political situation in China,but also a periscope for detecting the era theme of salvation and survival.Zhao Junhao and Yan Duhe were the first and most in-depth in introducing the image of the“New Northeast”to southern readers.Their long travel notes of this trip,Northeast Travel and Journey to the North were described in the form of“Old Literature”respectively.Through observation,listening,and talking,they tried to understand the resources and ways of constructing their value and meaning system in the Northeast society,hoping to find“new looks”of prevention and modernity from their“conservative”cultural tradition.This recognition and respect for the historical fate of the Northeast China,the unique international situation,and the tenacious fighting spirit might be the unique contribution of these two travel notes in the history of modern Chinese literature.Besides,the historical position of the so-called“old literature”should also be re-examined.