磁性材料在酶固定化领域的应用研究进展

Research Progress in Application of Magnetic Materials in Enzyme Immobilization

与化学催化相比,游离酶作为生物催化剂,以独特的性质使生物酶的工业化得到快速发展。但是游离酶在工业生产时有诸多的不足,比如稳定性差、无法重复利用、不易保存、自动化生产难度高等。因此,固定化酶技术的出现加快了酶催化领域的发展。近年来,人们从多学科交叉的角度提出以磁性材料为载体固定酶制剂的固定化方法,利用高效、易分离、重复利用率高等优势研发出新型的功能化磁性固定化酶材料,提高了酶催化效率,使该领域日益受到广泛的关注。对应用于酶固定化的磁性材料合成、磁性材料固定化酶进行全面的综述,并扼要对其各自特点进行了比较,最后介绍了磁性固定化酶的应用。

Compared with chemical catalysts,free enzymes have developed rapidly in industry because of their unique advantages.However,free enzymes have many deficiencies in industrial production,such as poor stability,non-reuse,difficult preservation,poor automatic production level.Therefore,the immobilized enzyme technology has accelerated the development of enzyme catalysis.Recently,the method of immobilizing enzyme with magnetic carrier material was proposed based on the interdisciplinary.Using the advantages of high efficiency,easy separation and high reuse rate,many new functional magnetic immobilized enzyme materials have been developed to improve the enzyme catalytic efficiency.It has become one of the research hotspots in the field of immobilized enzymes.In this paper,the synthesis of magnetic materials for enzyme immobilization and the methods of enzyme immobilization by magnetic materials were comprehensively reviewed,and their characteristics were briefly compared.Finally,the application of magnetic immobilized enzyme was introduced.