变化环境下嫩江富拉尔基站径流响应

Runoff response of Fulaerji station in Nenjiang River under changing environment

以嫩江富拉尔基断面以上流域为研究区,分别采用统计方法和模型方法,评价土地利用变化和尼尔基水库运行对径流变化的影响,并分析两者综合影响下径流的变化趋势。结果表明:尼尔基建库前后流域土地利用变化不明显,而下游径流变化明显,水库对径流变化的影响更大;SWAT模型适用于研究区径流模拟,水库运行、土地利用变化对径流变化的影响分别占92.86%和7.14%;相同降水和水库运行条件下,1990—2020年土地利用变化具有使年径流量先减少后增加的效应,水库运行对径流的年内分配有显著影响。

The basin upstream the Fulaerji section of the Nenjiang River was selected as the study area. Statistical method and model method were used to evaluate the impact of land use change and the Nierji Reservoir operation on the runoff variation, and the change trend of runoff under the combined influence of the two factors was analyzed. The results show that, the land use change in the basin before and after the construction of the Nierji Reservoir is not obvious, while the runoff change in the downstream is obvious, and the reservoir has a greater impact on the runoff change. SWAT model is suitable for runoff simulation in the study area. The influence of reservoir operation and land use change on the runoff change is 92.86% and 7.14% respectively. Under the same rainfall and reservoir operation conditions, the annual runoff can be first decreased and then increased by the land use change from 1990 to 2020, and the reservoir operation has a significant impact on the annual runoff distribution.