中国马拉松网络关注的时空特征及影响因素

Spatial-Temporal Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Network Attention on Marathon in China

互联网时代,网络关注度可以作为测度马拉松社会关注程度的工具之一,来表征马拉松运动的群众基础。文章利用变差系数、赫芬达尔系数、首位度、地理集中指数、季节性集中指数5个指标和地理空间可视化表达方法对2014—2019年我国马拉松的网络关注度时空特征及影响因素进行研究,发现:(1)时间上,我国马拉松的网络关注度呈现明显上升趋势,全国层面的马拉松网络关注时间分布的年际差异较小;省域层面的马拉松网络关注时间分布的年际变化总体较显著;大众关注马拉松的季节偏好越来越显著。(2)空间上,从全国范围看,各省份之间的马拉松网络关注分布的均衡程度不高。区域间,网络用户对马拉松的关注呈现东—中—西依次减少态势。区域内,马拉松网络关注在西部区域内分布相对不均衡,东部其次,中部区域内最为均衡,各区域内的均衡程度有分化趋势。(3)马拉松网络关注的空间分布主要受人口规模、经济发展水平、教育发展水平、网络发达程度、旅游发展水平、自然地理条件等6项因素影响。除以上因素外,官方政策、标志性马拉松赛事及热点事件等也会对其产生一定影响。

In the Internet era, the network attention of the marathon has become one of the typical performance and measurement indicators of the social attention of the marathon,which is an important representation on the marathon fans and marathoners. Using variation coefficient, Herfindahl coefficient, primacy index, geographic concentration index,seasonal concentration index and geospatial visualization expression method, this article analyzes the spatial-temporal difference characteristics and influencing factors of the network attention of the marathon in China from 2014 to 2019.It’s found that: (1) From perspective of time,the network attention of China’s marathon shows an obvious rising trend,its inter-annual difference is small at the national level and the inter-annual variation is generally significant at provincial level;The seasonal preference of the public to focus on the marathon is becoming more and more obvious.(2) From perspective of space, the distribution of marathon network attention among provinces is imbalanced in the whole country.Among regions, the network users on marathon shows decreasing trend from the east region to the west region, and is relatively concentrated in the eastern region. Within the region, the distribution of network attention on marathon is relatively unbalanced in the western region, followed by the eastern region and the central region;the equilibrium degree between regions tends to be differentiated.(3) The dominant factors in the spatial distribution of network attention on marathon are population base, economic development level, education development level, network development level,level of tourism development and natural geographical condition. In addition to the above factors, official policies,landmark marathon events and hot issues will also have a certain impact on the network attention of the marathon.