DP-be-DP型系动词结构与施用操作

The DP-be-DP Copular Construction and Applicative Operations

本文讨论前期研究在解释DP-be-DP系动词结构的句法生成、题元指派、名词赋格等句法问题上的局限性,并指出DP_(1)-be-DP_(2)系动词结构暗含"拥有"义,可分析为施用结构。分析指出:等值系动词结构可分析为高阶施用结构,DP_(1)由V_(APPL)’(V_(APPL)和VP)指派题元,DP_(2)由系动词指派题元;述谓系动词结构可分析为提升施用结构,DP_(1)由V’(be和DP_(2))指派题元,DP_(2)为谓语。施用结构的分析法不仅能合理解释DP_(1)-be-DP_(2)系动词结构的题元指派、生成差异和DP_(2)的赋格现象,还有利于解释汉语系动词结构进入兼语句的句法现象和结构中名词的约束关系。

The DP-be-DP copular constructions have been widely studied with respect to the theta role and Case assignment.This paper discusses the limitations and shortcomings of the previous studies,and proposes that DP_(1)-be-DP_(2) copular constructions can be analyzed as applicative constructions.It is argued that specificational/equative copular constructions can be analyzed as High-applicative constructions,where DP_(1) is assigned its theta-role by V_(APPL)’(V_(APPL)+VP)and DP_(2) is assigned its theta-role by the copular verb.In contrast,predicational copular constructions are analyzed as Raising-applicative constructions,where DP_(1) is assigned its theta-role by V’(be+DP_(2))and DP_(2) functions as the predicate.This analysis can not only account for the difference of the theta-role assignment and syntactic derivations between the two types of copular constructions,but also explain the Case assignment of DP_(2) from a cross-linguistic perspective.