老年慢性心力衰竭患者出院过渡期照护者照护现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on the current situation and influencing factors of care for elderly patients with chronic heart failure during the transition period

目的探讨老年慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者出院过渡期照护者照护现状及影响因素分析。方法选择2018年3月至2019年11月该院收治的老年慢性心力衰竭患者及其照护者各120例为研究对象, 用自制一般资料调查问卷对研究对象进行资料收集和照护能力现状进行调查, 并采用单因素分析和多因素回归分析法对老年慢性心力衰竭患者照护者照护能力的相关影响因素进行调查研究。结果照护者为老年慢性心力衰竭患者配偶的75例(62.5%), 子女的25(20.83%), 年龄46~60岁的53例(44.17%), 在职的76例(63.33%), 每月照护所需费用<3 000元的61例(50.83%), 文化程度在初中以下的55例(45.83%), 照护者的照护能力平均分数为(27.45±9.45), 照护能力处于中下水平;健康状况、疾病了解程度、是否与患者同住、照护经历及应对能力均为影响老年CHF患者照护者照护能力的相关因素;健康状况、疾病了解程度、应对能力、照护经历均为老年CHF患者照护者照护能力的独立因素(P<0.05)。结论健康状况、疾病了解程度、应对能力、照护经历均为老年CHF患者照护者照护能力的独立因素, 临床应结合患者的病情及照护者照护能力的以上影响因素, 为其制定合理的治疗及护理对策, 进而提高照护者的照护质量, 使患者得到最佳的照护与护理, 具有积极的临床意义。

Objective To investigate the present situation and influencing factors of care for elderly patients with chronic heart failure(CHF)during the transition period.Methods A total of 120 elderly patients with CHF and their caregivers admitted to the hospital from March 2018 to November 2019 were selected as research subjects.The data were collected and the nursing ability of the subjects were investigated with a self-made general data questionnaire.Univariate analysis and multivariate regression analysis were used to investigate the related factors of nursing ability of elderly patients with CHF.Results The caregivers included 75 cases(62.5%)spouses of elderly patients with CHF,25 cases(20.83%)children,53 cases(44.17%)aged from 46 to 60 years old,and 76 cases(63.33%)employed patients,61 cases requiring<3000 yuan per month for care(50.83%),55 cases(45.83%)of education level below junior middle school,the average score of nursing ability was(27.45±9.45),the nursing ability was in the middle and lower level.Health status,disease awareness,living with the patient,care experience and coping ability were all related factors affecting the care ability of elderly CHF patients.Health status,disease awareness,coping ability and care experience were independent factors of care ability of elderly CHF patients(P<0.05).Conclusions Health status,disease level,coping ability and care experience are independent factors of care ability of elderly CHF patients.Clinical should be combined with the patient's condition and caregivers care ability of the above factors,formulate reasonable treatment and nursing countermeasures,so as to improve the quality of care for caregivers,so that patients get the best care and nursing,has positive clinical significance.