苯海拉明咖啡因复方抗运动病的实验研究

Effects of diphenhydramine and caffeine compound on motion sickness

目的探讨苯海拉明咖啡因复方抗运动病(MS)的作用。方法60只SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为6组,每组10只,即空白对照组、模型对照组、苯海拉明组(2.25 mg/kg)、复方(苯海拉明+咖啡因)低剂量组(1.13+2.70)mg/kg、复方中剂量组(2.25+5.40)mg/kg、复方高剂量组(4.50+10.80)mg/kg,观察大鼠的精神状态,记录旋转刺激前后MS评分和糖精水摄入量;30只Beagle犬按随机数字表法分为5组,每组6只,即模型对照组、苯海拉明组(0.67 mg/kg)、复方低剂量组(0.33+0.80)mg/kg、复方中剂量组(0.67+1.60)mg/kg、复方高剂量组(1.34+3.20)mg/kg。记录旋转刺激后Beagle犬流涎和呕吐的潜伏期。结果复方中、高剂量组大鼠未出现嗜睡现象,其他应用苯海拉明的组别均出现嗜睡现象;旋转刺激后,模型对照组大鼠的MS评分高于复方组,复方组MS评分降低呈现一定的剂量依赖趋势。旋转刺激前,各组大鼠糖精水饮用量无差别;旋转刺激后,模型对照组大鼠糖精水饮用量较空白对照组明显减少(P<0.01);与模型对照组相比,苯海拉明组、复方组大鼠的糖精水饮用量均显著增多(P<0.05),呈剂量依赖性。给药前,所有Beagle犬均对旋转刺激敏感,流涎、呕吐出现时间较早;给药后,流涎、呕吐潜伏期均延长(P<0.05),呈剂量依赖性。结论苯海拉明咖啡因复方具有抗MS作用,且中枢抑制的不良反应轻。

Objective To study the effects of diphenhydramine and caffeine compound on motion sickness.Methods Sixty Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into six groups with ten rats in each group,namely,blank control group,model control group,diphenhydramine group(2.25 mg/kg),compound(diphenhydramine and caffeine)low-dose group[(1.13+2.70)mg/kg],compound medium-dose group[(2.25+5.40)mg/kg],and compound high-dose group[(4.50+10.80)mg/kg].The mental states of rats were observed.The motion sickness(MS)scores and saccharin water intake were evaluated.Thirty Beagle dogs were randomly divided into five groups with six dogs in each group,namely,model control group,diphenhydramine group(0.67 mg/kg),compound(diphenhydramine and caffeine)low-dose group[(0.33+0.80)mg/kg],compound medium-dose group[(0.67+1.60)mg/kg],and compound high-dose group[(1.34+3.20)mg/kg].The latent periods of salivation and vomiting after rotational stimulation were observed and recorded.Results The rats in the compound medium-dose group and the compound high-dose group did not manifest somnolence while the rats in other groups receiving diphenhydramine did.After rotational stimulation,the MS scores of the rats in the model group were higher than those of the rats in the compound groups,and the MS scores in the compound groups showed a dose-dependent decreasing trend.Before rotational stimulation,there were no significant difference in the saccharin water intake among the rats of all the groups.After rotational stimulation,the saccharin water intake in the model group was more significantly reduced than that of the blank control group(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the saccharin water intakes in diphenhydramine group and compound groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the increase were dose-dependent.Before drug administration,all the Beagle dogs were susceptible to rotational stimulation with early salivation and vomiting.After drug administration,the latent periods of salivation and vomiting were all considerably extended(P<0.05),and the extension of the latent periods in the compound groups was dose-dependent.Conclusion The diphenhydramine and caffeine compound has protective effects against motion sickness,and the adverse reactions of inhibition in central nervous system are mild.