微生物-肠-脑轴在功能性胃肠病发病中的作用新诠释

A new interpretation of the role of microbial-gut-brain axis in the pathogenesis of functional gastrointestinal diseases

微生物-肠-脑轴(microbiota-gut-brain-axis,MGBA)在肠道微生物和大脑之间起着双向调节的作用,肠道内环境尤其是微生物的变化可作用于人的中枢神经系统表现出心理和行为的变化如焦虑和抑郁状态,进而影响着胃肠道运动和消化吸收功能。目前,越来越多的研究表明,MGBA在功能性胃肠病中起着重要的作用,所涉及的途径包括神经信号通路、免疫应答、内分泌及代谢产物作用等。本文就MGBA形成的理论基础及其在功能性胃肠病应用的研究作一概述,以期为功能性胃肠病的研究和临床治疗提供新的思路和方法。

Microbiota-gut-brain axis(MGBA)plays a role of bidirectional regulation between gut microbiota and brain,and the change in intestinal environment,especially gut microbiota,can act on the central nervous system of human and thus lead to psy⁃chological and behavioral changes such as anxiety and depression,which in turn affects gastrointestinal motility and digestion-absorp⁃tion function.At present,more and more studies have shown that MGBA plays an important role in functional gastrointestinal diseases,and the pathways involved included the neural signaling pathway,immune response,endocrine and role of metabolites.This article re⁃views the theoretical basis for the formation of MGBA and summarizes the studies on its application in functional gastrointestinal diseas⁃es,in order to provide new ideas and methods for the research and clinical treatment of functional gastrointestinal diseases.