乌骨鸡活性肽对糖尿病小鼠血液生化指标和组织病理学的影响

Effects of bioactive peptides from black-bone chicken on blood biochemical parameters and histopathology in diabetic mice

为了观察乌骨鸡活性肽对糖尿病小鼠的功能作用,本研究通过酶解、离心、超滤和冷冻干燥等步骤,从乌骨鸡胸肌中制备得到分子量小于5 kDa的活性肽;并将链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)诱导的糖尿病小鼠随机分成低剂量组、高剂量组、药物组和阳性对照组(n=10),分别灌服100 mg/kg乌骨鸡活性肽、400 mg/kg乌骨鸡活性肽、30 mg/kg阿卡波糖和生理盐水安慰剂;另设正常小鼠对照组并灌服生理盐水。测定各处理组的起始体质量和空腹血糖水平,以及连续灌服30 d后的终末体质量和血液生化指标,并切片观察组织病变情况。结果表明:试验终末,阳性对照组的体质量显著降低(P<0.05),而其他4组均增加。与阳性对照组相比,低剂量组、高剂量组和药物组的终末空腹血糖水平较低(高剂量组和药物组,P<0.05);总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平较低,而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平较高(高剂量组,P<0.05);超氧化物歧化酶活性较高,而丙二醛含量较低(高剂量组,P<0.05)。低剂量组、高剂量组和药物组的胰岛素水平和胰岛面积显著高于阳性对照组(P<0.05);3组肝、肾指数高于正常对照组,但细胞肿胀、空泡化等病理变化少于阳性对照组。综上所述,乌骨鸡活性肽具有一定的降血糖、降血脂和保护胰腺、肝、肾等器官组织的功效,且400 mg/kg乌骨鸡活性肽的灌服效果优于100 mg/kg。

In order to observe the effects of bioactive peptides from black-bone chicken on diabetic mice,the peptide was extracted from the breast muscles of black-bone chicken,through the steps of enzymolysis,centrifugation,ultrafiltration and freeze-drying,whose molecular mass is less than 5 kDa.Then the diabetic mice induced by streptozotocin(STZ)were randomly divided into low-dose,high-dose,drug and positive control groups(n=10),fed with 100 mg/kg bioactive peptide,400 mg/kg bioactive peptide,30 mg/kg acarbose and saline placebo,respectively.Besides,the normal control group was set and fed with saline.The initial body mass,fasting blood glucose level,and the final body mass,biochemical parameters after 30 d of continuous feeding were measured.Meanwhile,the pathological changes were observed.The results showed that at the end of the experiment,the body mass of positive control group decreased significantly(P<0.05),whereas those of the other four groups increased.Compared with the positive control group,the low-dose,high-dose and drug groups had lower final fasting blood glucose levels(high-dose and drug groups,P<0.05),lower total cholesterol level and low density lipoprotein cholesterol level,but higher high density lipoprotein cholesterol level(high-dose group,P<0.05);higher superoxide dismutase activity,but lower malondialdehyde content(high-dose group,P<0.05).In the low-dose,high-dose and drug groups,insulin level and islet area were significantly higher than those in the positive control group(P<0.05);their liver and renal indexes were higher than those in the normal control group,but the pathological changes such as cell swelling and vacuolation were less than those in the positive control group.In conclusion,bioactive peptides from black-bone chicken have certain effects on hypoglycemia,hypolipidemia and tissue-protection of the pancreas,liver and kidney.In addition,the feeding dose of 400 mg/kg has better effect than that of 100 mg/kg.