12个樱花新品种的耐热性研究

Study on Heat Tolerance of 12 Flowering Cherry Cultivars

樱花是早春重要的观花植物,在城市园林绿化和美丽乡村建设中具有重要的作用。本研究采用电导率法测定了12个樱花新品种叶片在40℃、45℃、50℃、55℃、60℃、65℃、70℃下细胞伤害率的变化,利用Logistic方程,计算出其高温半致死温度(LT_(50)),结合夏季高温后的热害等级数据,进行聚类分析和耐热性评价。结果表明:12个樱花品种在梯度高温的胁迫处理下,其细胞伤害率呈“S”型曲线增加;其LT_(50)由高到低排序如下:‘八重红大岛’(63.32℃)>‘御车返’(63.10℃)>‘吉野垂枝’(62.65℃)>‘琉球绯樱’(61.92℃)>‘染井吉野’(61.49℃)>‘松月’(61.01℃)>‘衣通姬’(60.84℃)>‘椿寒樱’(60.01℃)>‘河津樱’(59.87℃)>‘八重红枝垂’(59.38℃)>‘神代曙’(57.46℃)>‘奖章’(57.08℃);结合夏季高温热害等级数据进行K-means聚类分析,可将12个品种分为如下4类,第Ⅰ类包括:‘吉野垂枝’‘八重红大岛’‘御车返’为强耐热品种,平均LT_(50)为62.36℃;第Ⅱ类包括:‘琉球绯樱’‘衣通姬’‘松月’为中等耐热品种,平均LT_(50)为61.27℃;第Ⅲ类包括:‘染井吉野’‘八重红枝垂’‘椿寒樱’和‘河津樱’为耐热品种,平均LT_(50)为60.19℃;第Ⅳ类包括:‘神代曙’‘奖章’为不耐热品种,平均LT_(50)为57.27℃。

Flowering Cherry is an important woody plant in early spring,which plays an important role in urban landscaping and beautiful rural construction.In this study,the changes of cell injury rate of 12 Japanese flowering cherry cultivar leaves at 40℃,45℃,50℃,55℃,60℃,65℃and 70℃were measured by conductivity method.The high semi-lethal temperature(LT_(50))was calculated by logistic equation.With the data of heat injury in Wuhan City in summer,further clustering analysis and accessing the heat tolerance.The results showed that the cell injury rate of 12 cultivars raising in a‘S’curve under high gradient temperature stress.According to the LT_(50),these cultivars was ranked as follows:‘Yaebeni-ohshima’(63.32℃)>‘Mikurumakaishi’(63.10℃)>‘Yoshino-shidare’(62.65℃)>‘Kanhizakura-plena’(61.92℃)>‘Somei-yoshino’(61.49℃)>‘Albo-rosea’(61.01℃)>‘Sotorihime’(60.84℃)>‘Introsa’(60.01℃)>‘Kawazu-zakura’(59.87℃)>‘Plena Rosea’(59.38℃)>‘Jindai-akebono’(57.46℃)>‘Accolade’(57.08℃).On the base of LT_(50) and the heat damage grade in summer,These 12 cultivars were divided into 4 groups by K-means cluster analysis.TheⅠgroup included‘Yoshinochuizh’,‘Bachonghongdadao’and‘Yuchehui’,which were strong heat tolerance cultivars,with an average LT_(50) of 62.36℃;theⅡgroup included‘Ryukyu-feiying’,‘Yitongji’and‘Songyue’,which were moderately heat tolerance cultivars with an average LT_(50) of 61.27℃;theⅢgroup included‘Ranjingjiye’,‘Bazhongzhichui’and‘Chunhanying’and‘Hejin’,which were heat tolerance cultivars with an average LT_(50) of 60.19℃;TheⅣcategory includes‘Shendaishu’and‘Jiangzhang’,which were heat tolerance cultivars with an average LT_(50) of 57.27℃.The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the introduction and application of flowering cherry.