我国区域制造业数字化转型测度及其影响机制

Digital Transformation Measurement of Chinese Regional Manufacturing Industry and Its Influence Mechanism

针对我国制造业数字化转型面临整体水平待提高、区域发展不均衡等问题,从效益提升、创新驱动和绿色发展3个维度构建区域制造业数字化转型评价指标体系,以熵值法作为衡量方法进行测度,并进一步从内部要素和外部环境两方面分析区域制造业数字化转型的影响因素。结果显示:我国制造业数字化转型水平整体呈现上升态势,但区域间发展极不平衡,总体处于"东高西低、梯度分布"格局;全国层面,人力资本和经济环境对制造业数字化转型的促进作用明显,资金投入和外贸环境则起负向作用;区域层面,因区位优势不同,各因素的影响作用也发生改变,其中人力资本对西部地区影响作用最大,制度环境对中部地区产生显著正向影响,而外贸环境对东部地区的影响作用被冲淡。最后根据研究结果,从优化产业布局、合理分配资金、平衡政策使用、加快经济发展、加大教育投资、优化外贸结构和加强基础设施建设7个方面提出推动我国制造业数字化转型的建议。

In view of digital transformation of China’s manufacturing industry facing the problems such as overall level needs to be improved and unbalanced regional development, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for digital transformation from three dimensions of efficiency improvement, innovation-driven and green development, which is measured by entropy method, and further analyzes the influencing factors from two aspects of internal factors and external environment. The results show as follows: the digital transformation level of China’s manufacturing industry is on the rise as a whole, but the development between regions is extremely unbalanced, and it is generally in a pattern of "high in the east and low in the west, with gradient distribution";at the national level, human capital and economic environment promote the digital transformation of manufacturing industry obviously, while capital investment and foreign trade environment play a negative role;at the regional level, the influence of various factors has also changed due to different location advantages, among them, human capital has the greatest influence on the western region,institutional environment has a significant positive impact on the central region, while the impact of foreign trade environment in the eastern region is diluted. Based on the findings, the paper puts forward suggestions from seven aspects to promote the digital transformation of China’s regional manufacturing industry, including optimizing industrial layout, allocating funds rationally, balancing the usage of policy, accelerating economic development, increasing education investment, optimizing foreign trade structure, and strengthen infrastructure construction.