影响贫血早产儿输血不良反应的因素分析

Analysis of the factors influencing the adverse reactions of blood transfusion in premature infants with anemia

目的探讨贫血早产儿发生输血不良反应的危险因素。方法回顾性分析2012年3月—2019年2月本院收治的1193例贫血早产儿的临床资料,根据输血治疗后是否发生输血不良反应将其分为发生组与未发生组,采用多因素Logistic回归分析法分析影响其危险因素。结果母亲输血史、输血次数>2次、发血至开始输血时间间隔≥30 min、输血前红细胞比容(PCV)≤45%、机体高敏状态、伴感染、循环障碍及凝血功能异常均是贫血早产儿发生输血不良反应的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论母体输血史、发血至开始输血时间间隔、输血次数与患儿输血前PCV过低、高敏、伴感染、循环障碍、凝血功能异常均是贫血早产儿发生输血不良反应危险因素,需做好防控以提高输血安全性。

Objective To explore the risk factors of adverse reactions of blood transfusion in premature infants with anemia.Methods The clinical data of 1193 premature infants with anemia from March 2012 to February 2019 in the hospital were retrospectively analyzed.According to whether adverse reactions of blood transfusion occur after blood transfusion treatment,the cases were divided into occurrence group and non-occurrence group.The risk factors of adverse transfusion reactions were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis method.Results The risk factors for adverse transfusion reactions in premature infants with anemia were composition ratio of mother with blood transfusion history and transfusion frequency>2 times,the interval between blood transfusion and the beginning of transfusion>30 min,pretransfusion packed cell volume(PCV)≤45%,hypersensitivity,infection,circulatory disturbance and coagulation dysfunction(P<0.05).Conclusion Mother with blood transfusion history,the interval time from bleeding to the beginning of transfusion,low level of times of blood transfusions and pretransfusion PCV,hypersensitive,infection,circulatory disturbance and coagulation dysfunction in children are the risk factors of adverse transfusion reactions in premature infants with anemia.And the prevention and control measures should be taken to improve the safety of blood transfusion.