学校食物环境与儿童肥胖的定性循证研究

Qualitative Evidence-Based Study on School Food Environment and Childhood Obesity

目的:系统评价学校食物环境与儿童超重肥胖的关系,为相关指南和政策的制定提供循证证据。方法:检索1998—2020年公开发表的相关中英文文献,中文数据库为中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据知识服务平台,英文数据库为Cochrane Library、Pub Med、EMbase等。结果:共检索出2288篇文献,其中中文359篇,英文1929篇。经过文献筛选,共有12篇文献纳入本次系统评价,包括1项队列研究,9项横断面研究和2个系统综述。结果显示,学校供餐、售卖机的有无以及所含食物种类与儿童体重和学校附近便利店的数量与距离均与超重肥胖风险有关。结论:学校食物环境与儿童超重肥胖可能有关,还需要更多高质量研究设计的证据支持。

[Objective]To systematically evaluate the relationship between the school food environment and overweight and obesity risk in children,to provide evidence-based evidences for the development of guidelines and policies.[Methods]Relevant Chinese and English literatures published from 1998 to 2020 were searched in the database of CBM,CNKI,Wanfang,Cochrane Library,PubMed,EMbase and so on.[Results]A total of 2288 literatures were retrieved,including 359 in Chinese and 1929 in English.After literature screening and evaluation,a total of 12 literatures were included in this systematic evaluation,including 1 cohort study,9 cross-sectional studies and 2 system reviews.The results showed that school meals,the availability of vending machines,the types of food contained and children’s weight,and the number and distance of convenience stores near the school were all associated with overweight and obesity risk.[Conclusions]The school food environment might be associated with overweight and obesity in children,and more high-quality scientific evidences would be needed furtherly.