小头鲔幼鱼陆基循环水养殖日周期性运动规律研究

Study on the daily periodicity movement behavior of juvenile Euthynnus affinis in land-based recirculating aquaculture system

为实现小头鲔(Euthynnus affinis)陆基循环水养殖,优化养殖设施和完善养殖技术参数,开展了陆基循环水驯化养殖条件下,小头鲔口径与全长的关系、非摄食期间幼鱼运动速度、摄食期间幼鱼运动速度、幼鱼摄食深度与时间的关系及非摄食期间幼鱼水层分布等一系列研究。结果显示:小头鲔幼鱼45°和90°口径均随着全长的增长而增大,呈线性关系;在非摄食状态下,小头鲔幼鱼主要做巡航游泳运动;摄食阶段,初始发现食物时,小头鲔幼鱼做爆发性游泳运动,游泳速度与摄食游泳速度和摄食后游泳速度差异显著(P<0.05);捕食时和捕食后,小头鲔主要做巡航游泳运动,两者间差异不显著(P>0.05)。在摄食状态下,小头鲔幼鱼的游泳深度会随食物的深浅变化而变化;而在非摄食状态下,小头鲔幼鱼的游泳深度变化与时间有一定的关系。本研究为小头鲔陆基养殖、繁育等提供基础数据,也为后续开展南海金枪鱼陆基驯化养殖及人工繁育提供参考。

In order to provide breeding biological parameters for the implementation of the planned aquaculture of Euthynnus affinis and optimize the subsequent planned aquaculture system parameters and feed feeding management strategies,a series of studies of Euthynnus affinis were carried out,including the relationship between diameter and full length,movement speed during non-feeding period,the relationship between feeding depth and time,and water layer distribution during non-feeding period under the condition of land-based recirculating water domestication.The results showed that the diameters of 45°and 90°increased linearly with the length of Euthynnus affinis.In the non-feeding state,there was no significant difference in the movement speed of juvenile Euthynnus affinis in each time period(P>0.05),and it belonged to cruising swimming.In feeding stage,movement of Euthynnus affinis at the initial discovery of food was explosive swimming,and the swimming speed was significantly different from feeding speed and post feeding speed(P<0.05).In feeding state,the swimming depth of juvenile Euthynnus affinis varies with the depth of food.In the non-feeding state,the variation of swimming depth of juvenile Euthynnus affinis was related to time.The results of this study provide basic data for the construction of land-based aquaculture and breeding of Euthynnus affinis,and also provide reference and lay a foundation for the future development of land-based domestication and artificial breeding of tuna in the South China.