护士心理资本构成的解释现象学研究

Interpretive phenomenological study on the composition of nurses′ psychological capital in China

目的基于积极心理学和积极组织行为学理论,结合文化情境及护士职业特点,探询护士积极心理资本的构成。方法采用解释现象学研究方法,筛选35篇关于国内优秀护理工作者的事迹和文字报道资料;对保定市3所三甲医院22名优秀护士进行半结构式访谈。采用主题分析法对文献和访谈资料进行分析。结果形成护士积极心理资本二阶三因素结构:工作任务型心理资本(沉着稳重、工作沉浸、坚韧、乐观、自我效能、职业责任感、适应)、人际沟通型心理资本(包容、奉献、谦虚、团体感)、学习发展型心理资本(反思、学以致用、主动作为、创新力)。将护士积极心理资本定义为护士在完成护理工作、进行有效沟通以及规划个人发展的过程中所拥有的一种可开发、可测量对提升个体竞争力有促进作用的类状态积极心理力量。结论护士积极心理资本二阶三因素结构,可为全面认识护士群体的心理资本特征和开发护士心理资本评价工具提供依据。

Objective To probe into the composition of positive psychological capital of nurses in China from the perspective of Positive Psychology and Positive Organizational Behavior theory, as well as taking local cultural context and the characteristics of nurses′ profession into consideration. Methods In the interpretive phenomenological study, 35 articles about the stories and written reports of outstanding nursing workers in China were reviewed;semi-structured interviews were conducted on 22 excellent nurses from 3 3 A hospitals in Baoding. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Results The 2-order and 3-factor structure of psychological capital of nurses was summarized: the task driven factor of psychological capital included calmness, work immersion, resilience, optimism, self-efficacy, professional responsibility, adaptation;the interpersonal communication factor comprised inclusiveness, dedication, modesties, sense of community;the learning development-oriented factor consists of reflection, putting the acquired knowledge and skills into practice, proactiveness, innovation. Nurses′ psychological Capital is defined as a kind of developable and measurable positive psychology that can promote the individual competitiveness of nurses in the process of effective communication and personal development planning in the context of Chinese culture. Conclusion The 2-order and three-factor structure of psychological capital of nurses is an overview of the psychological capital of Chinese nurses. It provides evidence for deve-lopment of nurses′ psychological capital evaluation tools.