硅酸盐/聚氨酯弹性体制备及性能研究

Preparation and Properties of Silicate/Polyurethane Elastomer

以自制聚醚型聚氨酯预聚体、硅酸盐水溶液、乙二醇/丙三醇(质量比1∶1)混合扩链交联剂、多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯(PAPI)等为原料制备了硅酸盐/聚氨酯弹性材料。探究了预聚体NCO基含量、乙二醇/丙三醇含量以及硅酸盐水溶液种类等因素对硅酸盐/聚氨酯弹性体力学性能的影响。结果表明:当B组分中预聚体质量分数为83.5%且其NCO基质量分数为5%、PAPI质量分数为11%,A组分中波美度51°硅酸钠水溶液质量分数为90%、乙二醇/丙三醇混合物质量分数为10%,环保稀释剂5%,消泡剂0.5%,A组分与B组分质量比为1∶2.5时,所制备的硅酸盐/聚氨酯弹性体表现出最佳的力学性能,该材料可用作铺装材料,经济、环保且易操作。

The silicate/polyurethane elastic materials were prepared from polyether polyurethane prepolymer(self-made),silicate aqueous solution,ethylene glycol/glycerol(mass ratio 1∶1)mixed chain extension crosslinking agent and polyaryl polymethylene isocyanate(PAPI),etc.The effects of NCO content of prepolymer,ethylene glycol/glycerol content and silicate aqueous solution type on the mechanical properties of silicate/polyurethane elastomer were investigated.The results showed that,when the mass ratio of component A to component B was 1∶2.5,the environmental diluent was 5%,and the defoamer was 0.5%,the silicate/polyurethane elastomer showed the best mechanical properties.At this time,the mass fraction of prepolymer(NCO group content was 5%)and PAPI in component B were 83.5%and 11%,respectively.The mass fraction of sodium silicate aqueous solution(Baume51°)in component A was 90%,and the mass fraction of ethylene glycol/glycerol mixture was 10%.This material could be used as a paving material,which was economical,environmentally friendly and easy to handle.