高性能质子交换膜燃料电池膜电极研究进展及设计策略

Research Progress and Design Strategy of Membrane Electrode Assembly for High Performance Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

质子交换膜燃料电池具有绿色、可持续、功率高等优点,是解决环境与能源问题的一个重要途径.膜电极是其核心部位,是反应时电子、质子、反应气体和产物水等多相物质传递及电化学反应的重要场所.设计和制备具有高活性和高耐久性的膜电极对提高质子交换膜燃料电池的性能、降低制造成本至关重要.因此,从催化剂本征活性提高、催化剂层结构设计和气体扩散层/催化剂层/质子交换膜界面结构设计3个方面总结了提升膜电极性能的相关方法,并对其未来的相关研究和发展做了述评及展望.

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFC) have the advantages of being green, sustainable and having high power, which is one of the important means of solving the problem of environment and energy. As the core part of PEMFC, the membrane electrode assembly(MEA) is an important place for multiphase material transfer and electrochemical reaction such as electron, proton, reaction gas and product water. Design and preparation of MEA with high activity and high durability is very important to improve the performance of PEMFC and reduce its manufacturing cost. The methods to improving the performance of MEA were summarized in this paper from three aspects: the improvement of intrinsic activity of catalyst, the structural design of catalyst layer, and the structural design of gas diffusion layer/catalyst layer/proton exchange membrane interface(GDL/CL/PEM), and its future research and development was reviewed and prospected.