论“约束”——从汉代有关“约束”的几件石刻谈起

On yueshu

1931年河南偃师出土一件汉代石刻东乡通利水大道约束刻石,而铭文长期未得通读。本文从考释该石刻文字入手,对有关汉代"约束"文书的几件石刻及简牍材料铭文进一步确释,并予以综合研究,梳理"约束"在古代的缘起与存续过程,指出"约束"这一文书形式与民间民众组织的密切关系,说明类似石刻材料是研究古代基层社会的重要资料。

In 1931, an inscribed stone yueshu of the Han Dynasty was unearthed at Yanshi, Henan, which was not thoroughly investigated. The author starts with an interpretation of its inscriptions, and proceeds with a synthetic analysis of multiple related inscribed stones and bamboo slips. This research, by tracing the origin and development of yueshu, shows that yueshu inscriptions should have been entangled with folk organizations, which could shed light on the non-elites in the past.