情绪特异性共情问卷在中国大学生中的信效度检验

Reliability and Validity of Emotion Specific Empathy Questionnaire Among Chinese College Students

目的:初步检验情绪特异性共情问卷(Emotion Specific Empathy Questionnaire,ESEQ)在中国大学生中的信效度。方法:采用方便取样法在369名大学生中,测量中文版ESEQ、人际反应指针量表(IRI)和人际综合诊断量表(IRAS),间隔4周后重测ESEQ。结果:多质多法的验证性因子分析显示,中文版ESEQ与原英文版ESEQ的拟合结果一致,即ESEQ可评估认知共情和情绪共情两种特质,每种特质包含生气、厌恶、恐惧、高兴、悲伤和惊奇六种情绪,总量表拟合指数为:CFA=0.99,TLI=0.98,χ^(2)/df=2.28,RMSEA=0.059,SRMR=0.066;总量表Cronbach’sα系数0.95,分量表Cronbach’sα系数0.65~0.84;总量表重测信度0.79,分量表重测信度0.47~0.73。ESEQ的效标效度检验显示,认知共情得分与观点采择显著正相关(r=0.50),情绪共情得分与共情关注显著正相关(r=0.45);六种情绪的认知共情得分与各人际困扰显著负相关(r=-0.32~-0.11),情绪共情中仅有高兴情绪得分与各人际困扰显著负相关(r=-0.33~-0.16)。结论:中文版情绪特异性共情问卷(ESEQ)的信效度良好,可用于大学生的共情测量。

Objective:To preliminarily test the reliability and validity of Emotion Specific Empathy Questionnaire(ESEQ)among Chinese college students.Methods:A total of 369 college students were recruited with convenient sampling.Chinese version of ESEQ,the Interpersonal Reactivity Scale(IRI)and Interpersonal Relationship Assessment Scale(IRAS)were completed,and ESEQ was re-tested four weeks later.Results:Multitrait-Multimethod confirmatory factor analyses(MTMM CFA)showed that the model of Chinese version of ESEQ was consistent with the model fitting of the original scale,suggesting that ESEQ could be used to evaluate two traits independently including cognitive empathy and emotional empathy,and each trait contained six basic emotions(anger,disgust,fear,happiness,sadness and surprise),CFA=0.99,TLI=0.98,χ^(2)/df=2.28,RMSEA=0.059,SRMR=0.066.Cronbach’sαof the total scale of ESEQ was 0.95,Cronbach’sαof the subscales was 0.65-0.84.The retest reliability of the total scale of ESEQ was 0.79,and the retest reliability of the subscales was 0.47-0.73.Criteria validity test of ESEQ showed that the scores of cognitive empathy were positively related to perspective taking(r=0.50),the scores of emotional empathy were positively related to empathic concern(r=0.45);the scores of emotional empathy for happiness and cognitive empathy for six emotions respectively had a negative association with the scores of interpersonal distress(r=-0.33~-0.11).Conclusion:The reliability and validity of Chinese Version of Emotion Specific Empathy Questionnaire meets the psychometric requirements,and can be applied to college students.