儿童青少年身体活动研究的热点透视及特征解析——基于美国《2018年身体活动指南咨询委员会研究报告》的证据审读

Perspective and Analysis of Hotspots and Characteristics in the Study of Physical Activity of Children and Adolescents——Evidence Review Based on the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Scientific Report of the United States

美国《2018年身体活动指南咨询委员会研究报告》呈现了2008年以来身体活动领域的最新研究成果和动向,对于国际身体活动研究具有极大参考和引领价值。通过对该报告进行梳理和分析,最终提炼出了目前儿童青少年身体活动研究的前沿动态,主要包括5个方面:低于10 min的中等至大强度身体活动健康效益研究;儿童青少年久坐行为模式特征的研究;建成环境对儿童青少年身体活动影响的研究;儿童青少年身体活动促进的整体实施策略研究;儿童青少年身体活动测量与监控体系的研究。其整体特点体现为:聚焦身体活动价值,关注不同形式身体活动的健康效益;强调多元协同治理,重视整体性身体活动促进策略;追求科学循证导向,强化现代信息技术融合。最终总结出对我国实施儿童青少年身体活动促进的有益启示:加大宣传力度,提升社会各界对于身体活动健康价值的认知水平;整合多方资源,营造儿童青少年生活化的身体活动支持环境;立足现实问题,开展综合性儿童青少年身体活动干预行动;注重成果转化,建立儿童青少年身体活动动态监控反馈体系。

The 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Scientific Report presented the latest research results and trends in the field of physical activity(PA)since 2008, which has great reference and leading value for international PA research.By combing and analyzing the report, this paper summarizes the current PA research trends of children and adolescents, including five aspects: the health benefits of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA) in bouts of less than 10 minutes;the sedentary behavior pattern characteristics of children and adolescents;the influence of built environment on PA of children and adolescents;the overall implementation strategy of physical activity promotion for children and adolescents;the measurement and monitoring system of PA in children and adolescents.Its overall characteristics are as follows: focusing on the value of physical activities and pay attention to the health benefits of different forms of PA;emphasizing multiple coordinated governance and holistic physical activity promotion strategies;pursuing scientific evidence-based orientation and strengthen the integration of modern information technology.Finally, it summarizes the beneficial enlightenment for the implementation of physical activity promotion of children and adolescents in China: intensifying publicity to improve social awareness of the health value of physical activity;integrateing various resources to create a living physical activity support environment for children and adolescents;carrying out comprehensive physical activity intervention for children and adolescents based on realistic problems;paying attention to the transformation of achievements and establishing a dynamic monitoring feedback system for children and adolescents’ physical activities.