发酵饲料对花鳅生长性能、消化、免疫和抗氧化能力的影响

Effect of fermented feed on growth performance,digestion,immunity and antioxidant capacity of Cobitis taenis

试验旨在研究蜜环菌发酵饲料对花鳅生长性能、消化、免疫以及抗氧化能力的影响。每千克基础饲料分别添加0 (对照组)、6 (试验1组)、12 (试验2组)和18 mL(试验3组)蜜环菌菌液,(20±2)℃发酵48 h,制成4组试验发酵饲料。选取360尾初始体重为(0.92±0.06)g花鳅,随机分成4组,每组3个重复。试验期13 w。结果表明,发酵饲料随蜜环菌菌液用量增加,粗蛋白含量上升,粗脂肪含量下降。与对照组相比,试验组花鳅增重率、特定生长率和肥满度均升高,饲料系数下降,试验2组上述指标最优;试验3组花鳅肝胰脏中淀粉酶活性显著上升(P<0.05);试验2组干胰脏胰蛋白酶活性显著上升(P<0.05);试验组干胰脏溶菌酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性均显著上升(P<0.05),试验2组和试验3组干胰脏总抗氧化能力显著增强(P<0.05)。研究表明,12 mL蜜环菌菌液发酵1 kg基础饲料最有助于改善花鳅生长性能、消化酶活性、免疫力及抗氧化能力。

The experiment was to study the effect of Armillaria fermented feed on growth performance, digestion,immunity and antioxidant capacity of Cobitis taenis. Add 0(control group), 6(test group 1), 12(test group 2) and 18 mL(test group 3) Armillaria bacteria liquid per kilogram of basic feed, fermented at(20±2) ℃ for 48 h, making four groups of experimental fermented feeds. 360 Cobitis taenis with an initial body weight of(0.92±0.06) g were selected and randomly divide into four groups with three replicates in each group. The experiment lasted for 13 w. The results showed that the crude protein content of fermented feed increased with the increase of the amount of Armillaria bacteria liquid, but the crude fat content decreased. Compared with the control group, the weight gain rate, specific growth rate and fullness of experimental group of loach increased, the feed coefficient decreased. The above indicators of group 2 was the best. The amylase activity in the dried pancreas of group 3 increased significantly(P<0.05). Dry pancreas trypsin activity in group 2 was significantly increased(P<0.05). Dry pancreas lysozyme and superoxide dismutase activities in experimental group were both significantly increased(P<0.05). The total antioxidant capacity of dried pancreas in group 2 and group 3 was significantly enhanced(P<0.05). The experiment indicates that 1 kg of basic feed fermented with 12 mL of Armillaria bacteria liquid is most helpful to improve the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, immunity and antioxidant capacity of the Cobitis taenis.