玉米栽培密度对营养成分及青贮品质影响的研究

Effect of maize planting density on nutritional components and silage quality

试验选择农大108为试验品种,研究玉米栽培密度对营养成分及青贮品质的影响。设计低密度(4.85×10^(4)株/hm^(2))、中密度(6.00×10^(4)株/hm^(2))、高密度(7.15×10^(4)株/hm^(2)) 3个栽培密度,测定玉米的营养成分,进行青贮处理,测定青贮品质。结果表明,中、高栽培密度可显著提高玉米的干物质和鲜物质产量(P<0.05)。栽培密度对青贮玉米的干物质、酸性洗涤纤维、粗灰分、钙和磷的含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。高栽培密度会极显著降低青贮玉米粗蛋白质和可溶性碳水化合物含量(P<0.01),极显著提高中性洗涤纤维、粗脂肪含量(P<0.01)。低栽培密度可显著降低玉米青贮pH值(P<0.05),极显著提高乳酸、乙酸含量(P<0.01),极显著降低氨态氮/总氮(P<0.01)。研究表明,低栽培密度可提高玉米青贮品质,改善玉米青贮的饲喂价值。

In order to study the effect of maize planting density on nutritional components and silage quality, Nongda 108 was selected as the experimental material. The experiment set three planting densities: low density(4.85×10^(4) plants/hm^(2)),medium density(6.00×10^(4) plants/hm^(2)), high density(7.15×10^(4) plants/hm^(2)). The nutritional components of maize were measured and silage treatment was carried out to determine the silage quality. The results showed that medium and high planting density significantly increased the dry matter yield and fresh matter yield of of maize(P<0.05). The planting density had no significant effect on the content of dry matter, acid detergent fiber, crude ash, calcium and phosphorus of silage corn(P>0.05). High planting density extremely reduced the content of crude protein and soluble carbohydrate of silage corn(P<0.01), and extremely increased the content of neutral detergent fiber and crude fat(P<0.01). Low planting density significantly reduced the p H value of corn silage(P<0.05), extremely increased the content of lactic acid and acetic acid(P<0.01), and extremely reduce the ratio of ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen(P<0.01). The experiment indicates that low planting density can improve the quality of corn silage and improve the feeding value of corn silage.