全国单项体育协会治理的困境与路径——基于资源依赖理论的视角

The dilemma and path of governance for national individual sports association——Based on the perspective of resource dependence theory

采用文献资料法、实地调研法、逻辑分析法从资源依赖理论视角对全国单项体育协会的资源依赖系统、治理的资源困境和路径进行研究。全国单项体育协会的资源依赖系统主要包括组织内部资源和组织外部资源,其中内部资源主要指单项体育协会组织内可直接控制的人才、资金、物质、组织管理制度等;外部资源主要指单项体育协会生存发展所需要的政府资源、市场资源和社会资源。全国单项体育协会组织内部资源与外部资源互动联系,形成内外联动的作用机制。脱钩后全国单项体育协会治理面临的资源困境为组织内部存在管理结构和制度不完善、场地设施资源不足、专业综合人才不足;与全国单项体育协会外部资源交互的过程存在政府对全国单项体育协会资源供给不足,全国单项体育协会市场资源开发能力不足和全国单项体育协会的社会基础薄弱,而导致对社会资源获取不足的问题。全国单项体育协会的治理路径可以构建全国单项体育协会实体化运行的政府服务体系,提高全国单项体育协会的市场资源开发能力,创建平台、多方协作以夯实社会基础。

From the perspective of resource dependence theory, this paper studies the resource dependence system,the resource dilemma and the path of governance of national individual sports associations by means the methods of literature, field investigation and logical analysis. The results show that the resource dependence system of national individual sports associations mainly includes both internal resources and external resources of the organization,among which internal resources mainly refer to talents, funds, materials and organization management system that can be directly controlled within the organization of individual sports associations, and external resources mainly refer to the government resources, market resources and social resources needed for the survival and development of individual sports associations. National individual sports associations shall organize interaction between internal and external resources to form an internal and external linkage mechanism. After decoupling, the resource dilemma faced by the governance of national individual sports associations is that the internal management structure and system are not perfect, the site facilities and resources are insufficient, and the professional comprehensive talents are insufficient. In the process of interaction with external resources of national individual sports associations, there are problems of insufficient access to social resources caused by insufficient resource supply of government,insufficient market resource development ability of national individual sports associations and weak social foundation of national individual sports associations. The governance path of national association of individual sports is to build the government service system of materialized operation of national association of individual sports, improve the market resource development ability of national association of Individual sports, create a platform, multi-party cooperation to consolidate the social foundation.