基于人群特征的精神分裂症患者社会功能干预

Intervention of social function in patients with schizophrenia based on crowd characteristics

目的:探讨社交技能训练对不同人群康复期精神分裂症患者社会功能的影响。方法:选取某医院门诊精神分裂症患者38例,进行为期12次的社交技能训练。对入组患者进行干预前以及干预后的社会适应功能评估量表(Social Adaptive Functioning Evaluation, SAFE)评分,并对入组患者的基本人口特征、社会经济地位、家庭关系等进行分组,统计分析其干预前后SAFE评分的减分值,对结果进行差异性分析。结果:不同性别组在社交技能训练前后SAFE总分差值无统计学差异,社交技能训练低年龄组(<40岁)SAFE减分值显著高于高年龄组(≥40岁),差异有统计学意义(U=248,P<0.05)。高经济收入组(≥5000元/月)在干预后SAFE减分值显著高于低经济收入组(<5000元/月),差异有统计学意义(U=100.5,P<0.05);不同职业组、不同学历组在干预前后SAFE总分差值无统计学差异。家庭关系的差异性分析中,结果提示家庭关系一般的患者经干预后SAFE分值显著降低(H=7.021,P<0.05),但其SAFE总分差值跟家庭关系和睦及家庭关系不和睦组无显著差异。结论:社交技能训练能改善康复期精神分裂症患者的社会功能,并对年龄较低、经济收入高的患者疗效更优,其短期社会功能改善更明显。

Objective:To investigate the effect of social skills training on social function of schizophrenic patients in convalescent period.Methods:Thirty-eight schizophrenic outpatients in our hospital were selected for 12 times of social skills training.The Social Adaptive Functioning Evaluation(SAFE)score was used before and after the intervention, and patients were categorized for basic demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, and family relationships.The decrease rate of SAFE score before and after intervention was statistically analyzed, and the difference of the results was analyzed.Results:There was no statistical difference in the total score of SAFE between different gender groups before and after social skills training.The decrease value of SAFE in the lower age group(<40 years old)was significantly higher than that in the higher age group(≥40 years old),and the difference was statistically significant(U=248,P<0.05).After intervention, the decrease of SAFE score in the high economic income group(≥5000 yuan/month)was significantly higher than that in the low economic income group(<5000 yuan/month),and the difference was statistically significant(U=100.5,P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the total score of SAFE between different occupational groups and education groups before and after intervention.In the analysis of differences in family relationships, the results indicated that the SAFE score of patients with average family relationships was significantly reduced after intervention(H=7.021,P<0.05),but the difference of the SAFE total score was not significantly different from that of the group with harmonious family relationships and the group with disharmonious family relationships.Conclusion:Social skills training can improve the social function of patients with schizophrenia in the convalescent period, and the effect is better for patients with younger age and higher economic income, and the short-term improvement of social function is more obvious.