家长对自然活动的态度与儿童环保行为:儿童接触自然和自然联结的链式中介效应

Family members’ attitudes toward nature-based activities and children’s environmental behaviors:The chain-mediating role of children’s frequency of contact with nature and connection to nature

目的:探讨儿童环保行为的形成机制,尤其是来自家庭代际的影响。方法:采用家长对自然活动的态度量表、儿童环保行为量表、儿童接触自然频率量表和儿童自然联结量表对广州和深圳共745名4~6年级小学生进行自评式问卷调查。结果:(1)家长对儿童自然活动的态度与儿童接触自然的频率、儿童自然联结以及儿童环保行为,两两之间呈显著正相关(r=0.32,0.32,0.27;P<0.01)。(2)家长对儿童自然活动的态度能显著正向预测儿童的环保行为(γ=0.375,P<0.001)。(3)儿童接触自然的频率在家长对自然活动的态度和儿童环保行为之间起中介作用。(4)儿童自然联结在家长对自然活动的态度和儿童环保行为之间起中介作用。(5)家长对自然活动的态度通过儿童接触自然的频率和儿童自然联结的链式中介作用影响儿童环保行为。结论:家长对自然活动的态度通过儿童接触自然的频率和自然联结依次影响儿童的环保行为。

Objective:To examine how children’s environmental behaviors were developed, particularly the influence from generational factors.Methods:A total of 745 children in grades 4-6 from Guangzhou City and Shenzhen City completed a compiled self-reported survey which included four scales to measure family members’ attitudes toward nature-based activities, children’s environmental behaviors, children’s frequency of contact with nature and their connection to nature, respectively.Results:(1) There were significant correlations between family members’ attitudes toward nature-based activities and children’s frequency of contact with nature, their connection to nature, and their environmental behaviors(r=0.32,0.32,0.27;P<0.01).(2) Family members’ attitudes toward nature-based activities positively predicted children’s environmental behaviors(γ=0.375,P<0.001).(3) Children’s frequency of contact with nature mediated the effect of family members’ attitudes toward nature-based activities on children’s environmental behaviors.(4) Children’s connection to nature mediated the effect of family members’ attitudes toward nature-based activities on children’s environmental behaviors.(5)Family members’ attitudes toward nature-based activities influenced children’s environmental behaviors through the chain-mediating effect of children’s frequency of contact with nature and their connection to nature.Conclusion:Family members’ attitudes toward nature-based activities influence children’s environmental behaviors via the chain-mediating role of children’s frequency of contact with nature and connection to nature.