西南官话中重叠式名词的类型学考察

A Probe into the Duplication of Nouns in Southwest Mandarin from the Perspective Typology

汉语普通话中名词的重叠现象较少见,仅限于亲属类称谓和少数带有量词意义的名词可重叠,但在隶属北方方言的西南官话中,名词重叠是普遍存在且突出的语言现象。本文以重叠式名词的结构类型为经,地域分布为纬,从类型学视角来描写了西南官话重叠式名词的结构类型,分析重叠式名词的语法意义及语法功能,比较了普通话与西南官话重叠式名词的共性与差异,同时归纳了西南官话重叠式名词内部的蕴含关系,并从名词重叠的历史层次、认知方式两方面解释了西南官话重叠式名词较多的原因。

The phenomenon of noun reduplication is rare in Mandarin, which is limited to kinship terms and a few nouns with quantifier meaning. However, noun reduplication is a common and prominent language phenomenon in southwest Mandarin, which belongs to northern dialect. This paper describes the structural types of reduplicated nouns in Southwest Mandarin from the perspective of typology, analyzes the grammatical meaning and function of reduplicated nouns, compares the similarities and differences between Mandarin and southwest Mandarin,and summarizes the internal implication of reduplicated nouns in southwest Mandarin. The historical level and cognitive style of reduplication explain why there are many reduplicated nouns in southwest Mandarin.