河南周口市淮阳平粮台遗址龙山文化遗存的发掘

Excavation of Longshan Culture Remains at the Pingliangtai Site in Huaiyang,Zhoukou City,Henan

一、发掘概况平粮台遗址位于河南省周口市淮阳区大连乡大朱行政村,东侧紧邻新蔡河,中心地理坐标为东经114°55′25.19″、北纬33°42′29.38″。遗址地处豫东黄淮泛滥平原,原始地貌为高出周围2米左右的台地,现今保存状况较为完整(图一)。1979-1989年,河南省文物研究所(现更名为河南省文物考古研究院)曾对其进行了大规模发掘,发现并确认了平粮台龙山文化时期城址[1]。

2016 and 2019 excavations of the Longshan period city site at Pingliangtai in Huaiyang,Henan revealed two groups of row houses oriented north-south and attached sewage systems in the southeastern area of the site.Row houses consist of mud brick buildings that overlap one another through multiple periods.Rooms oriented south are interconnected.Some rooms were expanded north while occupied.The sewage system,tightly interconnected with the adobe row houses,is comprised of irregularly patterned drainage ditches and pottery pipes in some areas.A main road running through the north-south central axis of the city site was found in the western excavation area.Based on the regular layout of row houses from the initial building phase forward,the settlement structure of the Longshan culture period city site at Pingliangtai clearly presents a symmetric,regular layout along a central axis.As a result,this excavation provides crucial material for study of the origins of urban planning in ancient China.