哲学与教育: 从知识之境到智慧之境

Philosophy and Education:From the Realm of Knowledge to the Realm of Wisdom

作为既具有学科性,又具有超学科性的智慧之思,哲学与“教”的关系呈现不同方面。具体而言,这里涉及“思”和“授”两个维度。所谓“授”,主要与知识的传授相关,“思”则是通过引导人们接触哲学史上重要哲学家的经典,以提高理论思维的能力。教哲学固然需要传授哲学的知识,但更为重要的方面,是让哲学教育的对象学会哲学思考。与教哲学的以上两个方面相关,这里同时涉及哲学本身内含的可说与不可说二重品格。在哲学教育的领域,身教重于言教,这不仅体现于道德教育,而且涉及更广意义上的“做哲学”。“何为哲学”与“哲学何为”的问题彼此相涉,“什么是哲学教育”与“哲学教育的意义”这两个问题也彼此关联。“教哲学”既关乎思维方法的提升,也指向合理的价值取向。哲学教育不仅仅涉及哲学的领域,而且关乎一般的教育问题。事实上,哲学教育和一般教育之间存在互动的关系。

As an intellectual thought with both disciplinary and interdisciplinary nature,the relationship between philosophy and"teaching"presents different aspects.Specifically,it involves two dimensions of"thinking"and"teaching".The so・called"teaching"is mainly related to the dissemination of knowledge,"thinking"is to improve the ability of theoretical thinking by guiding people to contact the classics of important philosophers in the history of philosophy.Teaching philosophy certainly needs to impart philosophical knowledge,but the more important aspect is to let the object of philosophy education learn philosophical thinking.